HY Pharm 4 Flashcards
The most common neurologic abnormality in chronic alcoholics
*Peripheral neuropathy (also HTN, anemia, and MI)
Drugs of choice for generalized tonic-clonic and partial seizures
*Valproic acid, Phenytoin and Carbamazepine
Drugs of choice for absence seizures
*Ethosuximide and valproic acid
Drug of choice for myoclonic seizures
*Valproic acid
Anti-seizure drugs used also for pain of neuropathic orgin
*Gabapentin
SE of phenytoin
Diplopia, ataxia, nystagmus, gingival hyperplasia (DANG)
DOC for malignant hyperthermia that may be caused by use of halogenated anesthetics
*Dantrolene
Benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, it accelerates recovery from benzodiazepine overdose
*Flumazenil
Opioid associated with awareness during surgery and post-operative recall, but still used for high-risk cardiovascular surgeries
*Fentanyl
DOC for malignant hyperthermia by acting on the sacroplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle
*Dantrolene
Causes of drug induced Parkinsonism
Antipsychotics
Reserpine at high doses
MPTP (by-product of illicit meperidine analog)
irreversible
Side effects occuring in antipsychotics that block dopamine
*EPS, hyperprolactinemia, amennorrhea, galactorrhea, neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Atypical antipsychotic causing high prolactin levels
*Risperidone
Drug used in neuroleptic malignant syndrome
*Dantrolene
Antipsychotics having the strongest autonomic effects
*Chlorpromazine or Thioridazine
Agent with greater affinity to 5HT2A receptor; reserved for refractory schizophrenia, and can cause weight gain and agranulocytosis
*Clozapine (H1 blocker)
Anti-psychotics shown not to cause tardive dyskinesia
*Clozapine and quetiapine
Major route of elimination for Lithium
*Kidneys
DOC for bipolar affective disorder
*Lithium
SE of lithium
*Tremor/excitation, ataxia, aphasia, HYPOTHYROIDISM, and reversible diabetes insipidus
HIV antiviral class known to have severe drug interactions by causing inhibition of metabolism
*Protease inhibitors
DOC for N. gonorrhea
*Ceftriaxone
DOC for herpes and its MOA
*Acyclovir; activates thymidine kinase
Anti-microbials that cause hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients
*Sulfonamides
SE of Protease inhibitors
Lipodystrophy, kidneys stones, inhibits P450 (don’t use rifampin)
