HY Pharm 1 Flashcards
Inhibitors of CYP450
*Cimetidine, ketoconazole, erythromycin, isoniazid and grapefruit
Ability of drug to produce a biologic effect
*Efficacy
Mechanism of action (MOA) utilizes intracellular receptors
*Thyroid and steroid hormones
MOA utilizes transmembrane receptors
*Insulin
Antidote used for organophosphate/anticholinesterase poisoning
**Atropine, pralidoxime (2-PAM)
Antidote used for acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity
*N-acetylcysteine
Antidote used for heparin toxicity
**Protamine Sulfate
Antidote used for warfarin toxicity
*Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Antidote for tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), streptokinase
**Aminocaproic acid
Antidote used for opioid toxicity
*Naloxone (IV), naltrexone (PO)
Antidote used for benzodiazepine toxicity
*Flumazenil
Interaction with this drug requires dose reduction of 6-MP
**Allopurinol
May protect against doxorubicin cardio-toxicity by chelating iron
*Dexrazoxane
Blows DNA (breaks DNA strands), limiting SE is pulmonary fibrosis
*Bleomycin
Binds tubulin and prevents the disassembly of microtubules during the M phase of the cell cycle inducing mitotic arrest
**Paclitaxel (taxol)
Anti-estrogen used for estrogen receptor + breast cancer
**Tamoxifen
Anti-emetics used in association with anti-cancer drugs that are 5-HT3 (serotonin receptor subtype ) antagonist
*Odansetron, granisetron, dolasetron, palonosetron
Hormone inhibiting prolactin release
*Dopamine
ACTH analog used for diagnosis of patients with corticosteroid abnormality
**Cosyntropin
Synthetic analog of ADH hormone used for diabetes insipidus and nocturnal enuresis
*Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Most widely used thyroid drugs such as Synthroid and Levoxyl contain
**L-thyroxine (T4)
Thioamide less likely to cross placenta, inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 in high doses, and should be used with extreme caution in pregnancy
*PTU
PTU (propylthiouracil) MOA
*Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Some side effects of corticosteroids
*Hyperglycemia, Osteopenia, impaired wound healing, inc. risk of infection, inc. appetite, HTN, edema, PUD, euphoria, psychosis
Diuretic used to antagonize aldosterone receptors
*Spironolactone
