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Step 1 > Most Commons 8 > Flashcards

Most Commons 8 Flashcards

1
Q

GI obstruction

A
  1. Adhesions 2. Indirect inguinal hernia
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2
Q

Glomerulonephritis

A

IgA nephropathy aka Berger’s

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3
Q

Heart Murmur

A

Mitral Valve Prolapse

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4
Q

Heart Valve in bacterial endocarditis

A

Mitral

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5
Q

Heart Valve in bacterial endocarditis IV drug users

A

Tricuspid

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6
Q

Heart Valve involved in Rheumatic Fever

A

Mitral > Aortic

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7
Q

Hereditary Bleeding Disorder Von Willebrand’s Disease

A

Von Willebrand’s Disease

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8
Q

Hernia

A

Indirect

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9
Q

Hypercalcemia

A

hyperparathyroidism

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10
Q

Hyperparathyroidism - Primary

A

Adenomas (followed by: hyperplasia, then carcinoma)

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11
Q

Hyperparathyroidism - Secondary

A

Hypocalcemia of Chronic Renal Failure

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12
Q

Hypertension

A

1.Essential (95%) 2. Renal disease

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13
Q

Hypertension - children

A

Renal disease; cystic disease, Wilm’s tumor

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14
Q

Hypertension - young women

A

Oral contraceptives

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15
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Graves’ Disease

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16
Q

Hypopituitarism - adults

A

Nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma

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17
Q

Hypopituitarism - kids

A

Craniopharyngioma

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18
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

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19
Q

Intussusception

A

terminal ileum into cecum

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20
Q

Liver Disease

A

Alcoholic Liver Disease

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21
Q

Liver infection

A

Viral Hepatitis - HVA

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22
Q

Location of Adult brain tumors

A

Above Tentorium

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23
Q

Location of Childhood brain tumors

A

Below Tentorium

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24
Q

Lysosomal Storage Disease

A

Gaucher’s

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25
Q

Mental retardation

A

Down’s or Fragile X , Fetal alcohol syndrome

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26
Q

Motor Neuron Disease

A

ALS

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27
Q

Myocarditis

A

Coxsackie B virus

28
Q

Nephrotic Syndrome - adults

A

Membranous Glomerulonephritis

29
Q

Nephrotic Syndrome - kids

A

Minimal Change Disease

30
Q

Opportunistic infection in AIDS

A

PCP

31
Q

Peripheral Neuropathy

A

Diabetes

32
Q

Portal Hypertension

A

Cirrhosis

33
Q

Protozoal Diarrhea

A

Giardia

34
Q

Pulmonary HTN

A

COPD

35
Q

Renal Failure

A

Acute tubular necrosis

36
Q

Right Heart Failure

A

Left heart failure

37
Q

Secondary Hypertension

A

Renal disease

38
Q

Sexually transmitted disease

A

Chlamydia

39
Q

SIADH

A

Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

40
Q

Single Gene Disorder

A

Thalassemia

41
Q

Site of Diverticula

A

Sigmoid Colon

42
Q

Sites of atherosclerosis

A

Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid

43
Q

Surgical Emergency

A

Acute Appendicitis

44
Q

Thyroid disease

A

Goiter

45
Q

Tracheoesophageal Fistula

A

Lower esophagus : trachea / Upper esophagus : blind pouch

46
Q

Worm infection in US

A
  1. Pinworm 2. Ascaris
47
Q

Type of Hodkin’s

A

Mixed Cellularity versus: lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion, nodular sclerosis

48
Q

Type of Non-Hodgkin’s

A

Follicular, small cleaved

49
Q

Vasculitis (of medium & small arteries)

A

Temporal Arteritis

50
Q

Viral Encephalitis

A

HSV

51
Q

Otitis media

A
  1. S. pneumo
  2. H. flu
  3. M. catarrhalis

Tx = amoxicllin

52
Q

Conjunctivitis

A
  1. Viral - adeno
53
Q

Bacterial conjunctivitis in neonates

A
  1. N. gonorrheae

2. C. Trachomatis (D-K)

54
Q

Bacterial conjunctivitis in kids and adults

A
  1. SA
  2. Strep pneumo
  3. H. flu
55
Q

Infectious blindness

A

C. trachomatis (A-C) - finger, flies, fomites

56
Q

COPD pneumonia

A

H. influenza

57
Q

Pneumonia follows viral infection

A

SA

58
Q

Pneumonia in alcoholics

A

Kleb

59
Q

Meningitis in neonates

A
  1. S. agalactiae
  2. EC
  3. Listeria
60
Q

Meningitis in adults

A

S. pneumo

61
Q

Meningitis in kids

A

Strep pneumo
N. meningitidis
H influenzae

62
Q

Myocarditis in kids (excluding cruzi)

A

Coxsackie B…possibly diptheria

63
Q

Pericarditis

A

Coxsackie B, influenza&raquo_space; SA, strep pneumo

64
Q

Viral aseptic meningitis

A

Enterovirus, coxsackie, echo (picornvirus, N ss+RNA)

65
Q

Catheter, hosp UTI

A

GNR - EC, Kleb, PA

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