Pharm 16 Flashcards
Cholinomimetics that increase outflow, open trabecular meshwork, and cause ciliary muscle contraction
Pilocarpine, carbachol, physostigmine
Nonselective alpha agonists that increases outflow, probably via the uveoscleral veins
Epinephrine, dipivefrin
Selective alpha agonists that decreases aqueous secretion
Apraclonidine, brimonidine
This diuretic decreases aqueous secretion due to lack of HCO3- ion. Causes drowsiness and paresthesias, alkalinization of the urine may precipitate calcium salts, hypokalemia, acidosis
Acetazolamide
This agent cause increased aqueous outflow
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Block L-type calcium channel
Calcium channel blockers
CCB with predominate effect on arteriole dilation
Nifedipine
Beta-blockers should be used cautiously in
Asthma (bronchospastic effects), diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
Non-selective Beta-blocker also used for migraine prophylaxis
Propranolol
Non-selective Alpha1blockers use to treat pheochromocytoma
Phenoxybenzamine
For rebound HTN from rapid clonidine withdrawal
Phentolamine
Presynaptic Alpha 2 agonist used in HTN
Clonidine, and methyldopa
SE of methyldopa
Positive Comb’s test, depression
SE of clonidine
Rebound HTN, sedation, dry mouth
Ganglionic blockers formerly used in HTN
Trimethaphan, and hexamethonium
Direct vasodilator of arteriolar smooth muscle
Hydralazine
Arterial vasodilator that works by opening K+ channels
Minoxidil
SE of minoxidil
Hypertrichosis
IV Drug used Hypertensive Crisis
Nitroprusside
Nitroprusside vasodilates
Arteries and veins
Toxicity caused by nitroprusside and treatment
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Acetazolamide
MOA of loop diuretics
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransport
Aminoglycosides used with loop diuretics potentiate adverse effect
Ototoxicity
MOA of thiazide diuretics
Inhibit Na+/Cl- cotransport
Class of drugs that may cause cross-sensitivity with thiazide diuretics
Sulfonamides
Used for SIADH
Demeclocycline
SE of demeclocycline
Bone marrow and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age
Other side effects of Quinidine
Thrombocytopenic purpura, and CINCHONISM
Major drug interaction with Quinidine
Increases concentration of Digoxin
DOC for digoxin induced arrhythmias
Phenytoin
