Most Commons 4

Question 1

Lens dislocation + aortic dissection + joint hyperflexibility

Answer 1

Marfan’s syndrome (fibrillin deficit)

Question 2

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

Answer 2

HGPRT deficiency

Question 3

Lewy bodies

Answer 3

Parkinson’s disease

Question 4

Libman-Sacks disease

Answer 4

Endocarditis associated with SLE

Question 5

Lines of Zahn

Answer 5

Arterial thrombus

Question 6

Lisch nodules

Answer 6

Neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen’s disease)

Question 7

Low serum ceruloplasmin

Answer 7

Wilson’s disease

Question 8

Lucid interval

Answer 8

Epidural hematoma

Question 9

Lumpy-bumpy appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence

Answer 9

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis

Question 10

Lytic bone lesions on x-ray

Answer 10

Multiple myeloma

Question 11

Mallory bodies

Answer 11

Alcoholic liver disease

Question 12

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

Answer 12

Esophagogastric lacerations

Question 13

McArdle’s disease

Answer 13

Muscle phosphorylase deficiency

Question 14

McBurney’s sign

Answer 14

Appendicitis

Question 15

MLF syndrome (INO)

Answer 15

Multiple sclerosis

Question 16

Monoclonal antibody spike

Answer 16

Multiple myeloma (called the M protein; usually IgG or IgA), MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance), Waldenstrom’s (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia

Question 17

Myxedema

Answer 17

Hypothyroidism

Question 18

Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis

Answer 18

Wegener’s and Goodpasture’s (hemoptysis and glomerular disease)

Question 19

Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals

Answer 19

Gout

Question 20

Negri bodies

Answer 20

Rabies

Question 21

Nephritis + cataracts + hearing loss

Answer 21

Alport’s syndrome

Question 22

Neurofibrillary tangles

Answer 22

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 23

Niemann-Pick disease

Answer 23

Sphingomyelinase deficiency

Question 24

No lactation postpartum

Answer 24

Sheehan’s syndrome (pituitary infarction)

Question 25

Nutmeg liver

Answer 25

CHF

Question 26

Occupational exposure to asbestos

Answer 26

Malignant mesothelioma

Question 27

Orphan Annie nuclei

Answer 27

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid

Question 28

Osler’s nodes

Answer 28

Endocarditis

Question 29

Owl’s eye

Answer 29

CMV

Question 30

Painless jaundice

Answer 30

Pancreatic cancer (head)

Question 31

Palpable purpura on legs and buttocks

Answer 31

Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Question 32

Pancoast’s tumor

Answer 32

Bronchogenic apical tumor associated with Horner’s syndrome

Question 33

Pannus

Answer 33

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 34

Parkinson’s disease

Answer 34

Nigrostriatal dopamine depletion

Question 35

Periosteal elevation on x-ray

Answer 35

Pyogenic osteomyelitis

Question 36

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Answer 36

Benign polyposis

Question 37

Peyronie’s disease

Answer 37

Penile fibrosis

Question 38

Philadelphia chromosome (bcr-abl )

Answer 38

CML (may sometimes be associated with AML)

Question 39

Pick bodies

Answer 39

Pick’s disease

Question 40

Pick’s disease

Answer 40

Progressive dementia, similar to Alzheimer’s

Question 41

Pink puffer

Answer 41

Emphysema (centroacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency])

Question 42

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

Answer 42

Esophageal webs with iron deficiency anemia

Question 43

Podagra

Answer 43

Gout (MP joint of hallux)

Question 44

Podocyte fusion

Answer 44

Minimal change disease

Question 45

Polyneuropathy, cardiac pathology, and edema

Answer 45

Dry beriberi (thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency)

Question 46

Polyneuropathy preceded by GI or respiratory infection

Answer 46

Guillain-Barre syndrome

Question 47

Pompe’s disease

Answer 47

Lysosomal glucosidase deficiency associated with cardiomegaly

Question 48

Port-wine stain

Answer 48

Hemangioma

Question 49

Positive anterior “drawer sign”

Answer 49

Anterior cruciate ligament injury

Question 50

Pott’s disease

Answer 50

Vertebral tuberculosis