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Most Commons 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Fanconi’s syndrome

A

Proximal tubular reabsorption defect

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2
Q

Fat, female, forty, and fertile

A

Acute cholecystitis

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3
Q

Fatty liver

A

Alcoholism

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4
Q

Ferruginous bodies

A

Asbestosis

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5
Q

Gardner’s syndrome

A

Colon polyps with osteomas and soft tissue tumors

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6
Q

Gaucher’s disease

A

Glucocerebrosidase deficiency

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7
Q

Ghon focus

A

Primary TB

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8
Q

Gilbert’s syndrome

A

Benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

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9
Q

Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia

A

Defect in platelet aggregation

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10
Q

Goodpasture’s syndrome

A

Autoantibodies against alveolar and glomerular basement membrane proteins

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11
Q

Gowers’ maneuver

A

Duchenne’s (use of patient’s arms to help legs pick self off the floor)

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12
Q

Guillain-Barre syndrome

A

Idiopathic polyneuritis

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13
Q

Hair-on-end appearance on x-ray

A

Beta-thalassemia, sickle cell anemia (extramedullary hematopoiesis)

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14
Q

Hand-Schuller-Christian disease

A

Chronic progressive histiocytosis

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15
Q

HbF

A

Thalassemia major

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16
Q

HbS

A

Sickle cell anemia

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17
Q

hCG elevated

A

Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without embryo)

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18
Q

Heberden’s nodes

A

Osteoarthritis (DIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)

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19
Q

Heinz bodies

A

G6PD deficiency

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20
Q

Henoch-Schonlein purpura

A

Hypersensitivity vasculitis associated with hemorrhagic urticaria and URIs

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21
Q

Heterophil antibodies

A

Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)

22
Q

High-output cardiac failure (dilated cardiomyopathy)

A

Wet beriberi (thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency)

23
Q

HLA-B27

A

Reiter’s syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis

24
Q

HLA-DR3 or -DR4

A

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells)

25
Q

Homer Wright rosettes

A

Neuroblastoma

26
Q

Honeycomb lung on x-ray

A

Interstitial fibrosis

27
Q

Horner’s syndrome

A

Ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis

28
Q

Howell-Jolly bodies

A

Splenectomy (or nonfunctional spleen)

29
Q

Huntington’s disease

A

Caudate degeneration (autosomal dominant)

30
Q

Hyperphagia + hypersexuality + hyperorality + hyperdocility

A

Kluver-Bucy syndrome (amygdala)

31
Q

Hyperpigmentation of skin

A

Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease)

32
Q

Hypersegmented neutrophils

A

Macrocytic anemia

33
Q

Hypertension + hypokalemia

A

Conn’s syndrome

34
Q

Hypochromic microcytosis

A

Iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning

35
Q

Increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

A

Anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)

36
Q

Increased uric acid levels

A

Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thiazide diuretics

37
Q

Intussusception

A

Adenovirus (causes hyperplasia of Peyer’s patches)

38
Q

Janeway lesions

A

Endocarditis

39
Q

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

A

Syphilis - overaggressive treatment of an asymptomatic patient that causes symptoms due to rapid lysis

40
Q

Job’s syndrome

A

Neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality

41
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

AIDS in MSM (men who have sex with men)

42
Q

Kartagener’s syndrome

A

Dynein defect

43
Q

Kayser-Fleischer rings

A

Wilson’s disease

44
Q

Keratin pearls

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

45
Q

Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules

A

Diabetic nephropathy

46
Q

Kluver-Bucy syndrome

A

Bilateral amygdala lesions

47
Q

Koilocytes

48
Q

Koplik spots

49
Q

Krukenberg tumor

A

Gastric adenocarcinoma with ovarian metastases

50
Q

Kussmaul hyperpnea

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis

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