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Most Commons 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Actinic keratosis

A

Often precedes squamous cell carcinoma

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2
Q

Addison’s disease

A

Primary adrenocortical deficiency

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3
Q

Albright’s syndrome

A

Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature, young girls

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4
Q

Albuminocytologic dissociation

A

Guillain-Barre (Inc protein in CSF with only modest inc in cell count)

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5
Q

Alport’s syndrome

A

Hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness

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6
Q

Anti-basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

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7
Q

Anticentromere antibodies

A

Scleroderma (CREST)

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8
Q

Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (ANA antibodies)

A

SLE (type III hypersensitivity)

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9
Q

Anti-epithelial cell antibodies

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

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10
Q

Antigliadin antibodies

A

Celiac disease

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11
Q

Antihistone antibodies

A

Drug-induced SLE

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12
Q

Anti-IgG antibodies

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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13
Q

Antimitochondrial antibodies

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

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14
Q

Antineutrophil antibodies

A

Vasculitis

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15
Q

Antiplatelet antibodies

A

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

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16
Q

Arachnodactyly

A

Marfan’s syndrome

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17
Q

Argyll Robertson pupil

A

Neurosyphilis

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18
Q

Arnold-Chiari malformation

A

Cerebellar tonsillar herniation

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19
Q

Aschoff bodies

A

Rheumatic fever

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20
Q

Atrophy of the mammillary bodies

A

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

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21
Q

Auer rods

A

Acute myelogenous leukemia (especially the promyelocytic type)

22
Q

Autosplenectomy

A

Sickle cell anemia

23
Q

Babinski’s sign

A

UMN lesion

24
Q

Baker’s cyst in popliteal fossa

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

25
Q

Bamboo spine on x-ray

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

26
Q

Bartter’s syndrome

A

Hyperreninemia

27
Q

Basophilic stippling of RBCs

A

Lead poisoning

28
Q

Becker’s muscular dystrophy

A

Defective dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne’s

29
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

LMN CN VII palsy

30
Q

Bence Jones proteins

A

Multiple myeloma (kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine), Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia (IgM)

31
Q

Berger’s disease

A

IgA nephropathy

32
Q

Bernard-Soulier disease

A

Defect in platelet adhesion

33
Q

Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis

A

Sarcoidosis

34
Q

Birbeck granules on EM

A

Histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)

35
Q

Bloody tap on LP

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

36
Q

Blue bloater

A

Chronic bronchitis

37
Q

Blue-domed cysts

A

Fibrocystic change of the breast

38
Q

Blue sclera

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

39
Q

Boot-shaped heart on x-ray

A

Tetralogy of Fallot; RVH

40
Q

Bouchard’s nodes

A

Osteoarthritis (PIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)

41
Q

Boutonniere deformity

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

42
Q

Branching rods in oral infection

A

Actinomyces israelii

43
Q

Brown tumor of bone

A

Hemorrhage causes brown color of osteolytic cysts: 1. Hyperparathyroidism 2. Osteitis fibrosa cystica (von Recklinghausen’s disease)

44
Q

Brushfield’s spots (spotted iris)

A

Down syndrome

45
Q

Bruton’s disease

A

X-linked agammaglobulinemia

46
Q

Budd-Chiari syndrome

A

Posthepatic venous thrombosis

47
Q

Buerger’s disease

A

Small/medium-artery vasculitis

48
Q

Burkitt’s lymphoma

A

8:14 translocation; associated with EBV

49
Q

Burton’s lines (grey gingival lines)

A

Lead poisoning

50
Q

C-ANCA, P-ANCA

A

Wegener’s granulomatosis, polyarteritis nodosa

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