HY Pharm 7 Flashcards
Loops lose and thiazide diuretics retain
*Calcium
Site of action of thiazide diuretics
*Early distal convoluted tubule
SE of thiazide (HCTZ) diuretics
*HyperGLUC
- glycemia
- lipidemia
- uricemia
- calcemia
Sulfa allergy
HypOK+
Alkalosis
Potassium sparing diuretics inhibit
*Na+/K+ exchange
Diuretic used to treat primary aldosteronism
*Spironolactone
SE of spironolactone
*Gynecomastia, hyperkalemia
Osmotic diuretic used for increased intracranial pressure
*Mannitol
ADH agonist used for pituitary/central diabetes insipidus
*Desmopressin (DDAVP)
MOA of class I A (eg. Procainamide), class IB (eg. Lidocaine), and class IC (eg. Flecainide) antiarrhythmics
*Sodium channel blockers
SE of procainamide
*Lupus-like syndrome
Limiting side effect of Quinidine
*Prolongs QT interval
Also Cinchonism
DOC for management of acute Ventricular arrhythmias
*Lidocaine
1B is Best post-MI
Also digitalis-induced
QT prolongation leads to this life threatening cardiac event
*Torsades de pointes
MOA of sildenafil (Viagra)
*Inhibits phosphodiesterase-5 –> maintaining cGMP levels –> enhancing effects of NO
MOA of nitrates
*Relax vascular smooth muscle
Low doses dilate veins
High doses dilate arterioles
Vitamin K dependent anticoagulant
*Warfarin (PT)
Heparin (PTT) increases activity of
*Antithrombin III –> inactivates II, VII, IX - XII
Antidote to reverse actions of heparin
*Protamine sulfate
SE of Aspirin
*GI bleeding
MOA of thrombolytics
*Lyse thrombi
Plasminogen –> Plasmin –> breaks down fibrin clot
Thrombolytics are used for
*Pulmonary embolism and DVT
Agent for pernicious anemia
*Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
Agent used for megaloblastic anemia (but does NOT reverse neurologic symptoms) and decrease neural tube defects during pregnancy
*Folic acid
Agent used for anemias associated with renal failure
*Erythropoietin
Drug or foods (grapefruit juice) that increase statin effect
*Inhibit P450 3A4
Monitoring parameter to obtain before initiation of STATINS
*LFT’s
Decreases liver triglycerol synthesis
*Niacin
Also INC HDL
SE of niacin
*Flushing, gout, acanthosis nigricans
Fibrates (gemfibrozil) increase activity of
*Lipoprotein lipase –> dec TAGs
Agent used for closure of patent ductus arteriosus
*Indomethacin
Acetaminophen only has
*Antipyretic and analgesic activity
LACK anti-inflammatory
Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity
*N-acetylcysteine
DMARDs are slow acting drugs for
*Rheumatic disease
NSAID used in gout
*Indomethacin
Allopurinol treats chronic gout by inhibiting
*Xanthine oxidase
