HY Pharm 7

Question 1

Loops lose and thiazide diuretics retain

Answer 1

*Calcium

Question 2

Site of action of thiazide diuretics

Answer 2

*Early distal convoluted tubule

Question 3

SE of thiazide (HCTZ) diuretics

Answer 3

*HyperGLUC
- glycemia
- lipidemia
- uricemia
- calcemia
Sulfa allergy
HypOK+
Alkalosis

Question 4

Potassium sparing diuretics inhibit

Answer 4

*Na+/K+ exchange

Question 5

Diuretic used to treat primary aldosteronism

Answer 5

*Spironolactone

Question 6

SE of spironolactone

Answer 6

*Gynecomastia, hyperkalemia

Question 7

Osmotic diuretic used for increased intracranial pressure

Answer 7

*Mannitol

Question 8

ADH agonist used for pituitary/central diabetes insipidus

Answer 8

*Desmopressin (DDAVP)

Question 9

MOA of class I A (eg. Procainamide), class IB (eg. Lidocaine), and class IC (eg. Flecainide) antiarrhythmics

Answer 9

*Sodium channel blockers

Question 10

SE of procainamide

Answer 10

*Lupus-like syndrome

Question 11

Limiting side effect of Quinidine

Answer 11

*Prolongs QT interval

Also Cinchonism

Question 12

DOC for management of acute Ventricular arrhythmias

Answer 12

*Lidocaine

1B is Best post-MI
Also digitalis-induced

Question 13

QT prolongation leads to this life threatening cardiac event

Answer 13

*Torsades de pointes

Question 14

MOA of sildenafil (Viagra)

Answer 14

*Inhibits phosphodiesterase-5 –> maintaining cGMP levels –> enhancing effects of NO

Question 15

MOA of nitrates

Answer 15

*Relax vascular smooth muscle

Low doses dilate veins
High doses dilate arterioles

Question 16

Vitamin K dependent anticoagulant

Answer 16

*Warfarin (PT)

Question 17

Heparin (PTT) increases activity of

Answer 17

*Antithrombin III –> inactivates II, VII, IX - XII

Question 18

Antidote to reverse actions of heparin

Answer 18

*Protamine sulfate

Question 19

SE of Aspirin

Answer 19

*GI bleeding

Question 20

MOA of thrombolytics

Answer 20

*Lyse thrombi

Plasminogen –> Plasmin –> breaks down fibrin clot

Question 21

Thrombolytics are used for

Answer 21

*Pulmonary embolism and DVT

Question 22

Agent for pernicious anemia

Answer 22

*Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)

Question 23

Agent used for megaloblastic anemia (but does NOT reverse neurologic symptoms) and decrease neural tube defects during pregnancy

Answer 23

*Folic acid

Question 24

Agent used for anemias associated with renal failure

Answer 24

*Erythropoietin

Question 25

Drug or foods (grapefruit juice) that increase statin effect

Answer 25

*Inhibit P450 3A4

Question 26

Monitoring parameter to obtain before initiation of STATINS

Answer 26

*LFT’s

Question 27

Decreases liver triglycerol synthesis

Answer 27

*Niacin

Also INC HDL

Question 28

SE of niacin

Answer 28

*Flushing, gout, acanthosis nigricans

Question 29

Fibrates (gemfibrozil) increase activity of

Answer 29

*Lipoprotein lipase –> dec TAGs

Question 30

Agent used for closure of patent ductus arteriosus

Answer 30

*Indomethacin

Question 31

Acetaminophen only has

Answer 31

*Antipyretic and analgesic activity

LACK anti-inflammatory

Question 32

Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity

Answer 32

*N-acetylcysteine

Question 33

DMARDs are slow acting drugs for

Answer 33

*Rheumatic disease

Question 34

NSAID used in gout

Answer 34

*Indomethacin

Question 35

Allopurinol treats chronic gout by inhibiting

Answer 35

*Xanthine oxidase