Opth- anatomy Flashcards
what layer is the uvea of the eye
the middle layer of the eye
what does the uvea of the eye contain
iris
ciliary body
choroid
where is the uvea of the eye located
between the sclera and retina
what is the sclera
the white outer coating of the eye
what is the retina
the light sensitive tissue at the back of the eye that receives images and converts them into electrical signals
what produces aqueous humour and where does the aqueous humour flow through and leave via
produced by ciliary body
flows through pupil
leaves via the trabecular meshwork
how many bones make up the orbit
7- 4 facial, 3 cranial
name all 7 orbital bones
frontal
sphenoid
zygomatic
maxillary
palatine
ethmoid
lacrimal
what is the lateral rectus muscle responsible for
moving the eye outwards (abduction)
what is the medial rectus muscle responsible for
moving the eye inward (adduction)
what is the superior oblique muscle responsible for
depressing the eye and rotating it inwards
what is the superior rectus muscle responsible for
elevating the eye
what is the inferior oblique muscle responsible for
elevating the eye and rotating it outwards
what is the inferior rectus muscle responsible for
depressing the eye
what is the vitreous cavity
the largest space inside the eyeball filled with a clear, gel-like substance called the vitreous humor
what are the weakest parts of the orbit
medial and inferior walls (ethmoidal and palatine bones)- most likely regions for blowout to occur
the orbit of the eye is aka
the eye socket
what artery and nerve makes up the optic canal
optic nerve (CN II)
opthalmic artery
what nerves and veins make up the superior orbital fissure
CN 3,4,5 (1), 6
ophthalmic veins
what is the function of the lacrimal apparatus
produces tears
which nerve innervates the lacrimal apparatus
CN VII (facial nerve)
where does the eye receive its blood supply from primarily
opthalmic artery
the opthalmic artery is a brach of what
internal carotid artery
what light do cones of the retina detect
coloured vision
what light do rods of the retina detect
dim vision and black/white
what is the macula
small, oval-shaped, darker area in centre of retina associated with high number of neurones and high visual acuity
what is the fovea
central point of macula where visual acuity is at its highest
remember: LR6, SO4, AO3
lateral rectus muscle- CN VI
superior oblique muscle- CN IV
all others- CN III
most likely extra-ocular muscle to be damaged in a blow out
inferior rectus muscle
what is the levator palpebral superioris responsible for
elevation of the eyelid
where does CN V1 supply sensory innervation to
upper eyelid
cornea
where does CN V2 supply sensory innervation to
lower eyelids
nostrils
upper lip
where does CN V3 supply sensory innervation to
lower lip
mandible
which two cranial nerves does the blink reflex involve
CN V1
CN VII
parasympathetic cell bodies associated with the eye
edinger-westphal nucleus
the edinger-westphal nucleus is responsible for pupil constriction/dilation?
pupil constriction
