Haem- thrombosis

Question 1

arterial thrombosis

Answer 1

blood clot which forms in an artery

Question 2

risk factors for arterial thrombosis

Answer 2

hypertension
smoking
high cholesterol
diabetes mellitus

Question 3

drugs preventing arterial thrombosis

Answer 3

anti-platelet drugs

Question 4

Damage to endothelium causes recruitment of what?

Answer 4

‘foamy’ macrophages rich in cholesterol resulting in formation of cholesterol rich plaques

Question 5

stable plaques cause

Answer 5

stable angina
intermittent claudication

Question 6

unstable plaques cause

Answer 6

stroke
unstable angina
myocardial infarction

Question 7

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Answer 7

Refers to the intra-luminal occlusion of any vein within the deep system of a limb

Question 8

Virchows triad

Answer 8

Hypercoagulability
endothelial injury
circulatory stasis

Question 9

hypercoagulability

Answer 9

when blood clots more easily

Question 10

stasis

Answer 10

when blood flow is abnormal

Question 11

hypercoagulability risk factors

Answer 11

malignant
pregnancy
oestrogen therapy
IBD
sepsis
thrombophilia

Question 12

endothelial injury risk factors

Answer 12

venous disorders
previous DVT/PE- very strong rf
trauma/surgery
Indwelling catheters

Question 13

circulatory stasis risk factors

Answer 13

left ventricular dysfunction
immobility/paralysis
varicose veins

Question 14

venous system pressure

Answer 14

low pressure

Question 15

score used to determine likelihood of DVT/PE

Answer 15

wells score

Question 16

long term anticoagulation DVT first line

Answer 16

a DOAC such as a Apixaban or Rivaroxaban

Question 17

Provoked DVT with reversible factors anticoagulation time length

Answer 17

3 months

Question 18

Provoked DVT with irreversible factors, or unprovoked DVT anticoagulation time length

Answer 18

3-6 months, potentially life long depending on patient factors

Question 19

most common inherited thrombophilia

Answer 19

Factor V Leiden