MSK-connective tissue diseases Flashcards
which antibody is positive for drug-induced lupus
anti-histone antibodies
SLE highly positive antibody
ANA
SLE highly specific antibodies
anti-dsDNA and anti-sm (smith)
first line treatment SLE
hydroxychloroquine
Schirmers test
ocular dryness: Demonstrates reduced tear production using a strip of filter paper on the lower eyelid, with wetting of <5 mm being positive
Sjögren’s syndrome complication
ignificantly increases the risk of lymphoma in affected glands and organs (in particular, B-cell lymphoma)
Sjögren’s syndrome specific antibodies
Anti-Ro and Anti-La
which type of hypersensitivity reaction is SLE
type III
first line treatment for Raynaud’s
calcium channel blocker
limited sclerosis
limited to hands, feet, forearms, face. Raynaud’s usually present before onset of skin symptoms
diffuse sclerosis
thickening of skin can occur everywhere. Skin symptoms usually occur simultaneously with Raynaud’s
limited sclerosis antibody
anti-centromere
diffuse antibody
anti-SCL and anti-RNA
Systemic sclerosis limited CREST
Calcinosis
Raynaud’s
Esophageal dysfunction
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasias
calcinosis
calcium deposits in skin
Sclerodactyly
thickening and tightening of the skin of the fingers and hands
telangiectasias
dilation of capillaries causing red marks on surface of skin
SLE abnormalities on blood test
lymphopenia (low lymphocyte count)
thrombocytopenia
leukopenia
haemolytic anaemia
livedo reticularis
blood clots in capillaries lead to swelling of venules, resulting in a purplish, net-like discolouration of the skin
mottled, lace-like rash usually found on the lower limbs
which type of hypersensitivity reaction is sjogrens syndrome
type IV
signs presenting with sjogrens syndrome
bilateral parotid gland enlargement
Dental caries, oral candidiasis and fissured tongue often occur
anti-phospholipid syndrome antibodies
- anticardiolipin antibodies
- anti-β2-GPI antibodies
- positive lupus anticoagulant assay
SLE bloods complements
low C3 and C4
recommended treatment through pregnancy for patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome
low-molecular weight heparin and low-dose aspirin
diagnosis of APS can be made when …
positive antibody results on two different occasions at least 12 weeks apart
