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My Flashcards Year 2 > Derm- blistering skin disorders > Flashcards

Derm- blistering skin disorders Flashcards

1
Q

what is a bullae

A

large, fluid filled blister on the skin

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2
Q

what is bullous pemphigoid

A

subepidermal blister caused by an autoimmune reaction

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3
Q

how old are patients typically who have bullous pemphigoid

A

elderly (>60)

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4
Q

which type of hypersensitivity reaction is bullous pemphigoid

A

type II

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5
Q

is bollous pemphigoid nikolsky sign positive or negative?

A

negative

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6
Q

in bollous pemphigoid- Which antibodies react with the antigen of hemidesmosomes that anchor basal cells to the basement membrane?

A

anti-hemimesmosome antibodies (igG)

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7
Q

main investigation for bollous pemphigoid

A

biopsy- immunofluorescence

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8
Q

management of localised bullous pemphigoid

A

High potency topical steroids at onset of symptoms e.g. itch

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9
Q

what is pemphigus vulgaris

A

One of the autoimmune blistering skin conditions characterised by flaccid intra-epidermal blisters

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10
Q

when does pemphigus vulgaris usually present

A

middle age

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11
Q

drug triggers of pemphigus vulgaris

A

ACEi
penicillamine

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12
Q

which type of hypersensitivity reaction is pemphigus vulgaris

A

type II

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13
Q

is nikolsky sign positive or negative with pemphigus vulgaris

A

positive

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14
Q

common sites for pemphigus vulgaris

A

mocosal surfaces
face
scalp
axillae
groin
trunk

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15
Q

biopsy Immunofluorescence shows what in pemphigus vulgaris?

A

IgG in “chicken wire” pattern

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16
Q

biopsy Immunofluorescence shows what in bullous pemphigoid?

A

linear band of IgG

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17
Q

which antibodies are likely to be present in a patient with bullous pemphigoid

A

Anti-BP180 and anti-BP230 antibodies

18
Q

what is dermatitis herpetiformis

A

autoimmune bullous disorder associated with coeliac disease

19
Q

pathophysiology of dermatitis hereptiformis

A

igA antibodies cross react with TTG

20
Q

biopsy Immunofluorescence shows what in dermatitis herpetiformis?

A

granular deposits of IgA in dermal papillae

21
Q

drug used to treat dermatitis herpetiformis

A

dapsone

22
Q

pemphigUS and pemphiguS =

A

epidermUS
Superficial

23
Q

pemphigoiD =

A

Deep

24
Q

what type of hypersensitivity reaction is dermatitis herpetiformis

A

type III

25
Q

what is Stevens-johnson syndrome

A

immune-complex-mediated hypersensitivity disorder. ranges from mild-severe with TEN being most severe form

26
Q

predominant cause of SJS

A

adverse drug reaction

27
Q

drugs that are most common cause of SJS adverse drug reactions

A

sulfonamides
beta-lactams (penicillins and cephalosporins)
antiepeleptics
allopurinol
NSAIDs

28
Q

triggers of SJS

A

drug reactions
infections- HSV, HIV, influenza, Epstein barr virus, hepatitis
bacterial and fungal infections less common

29
Q

Nikolsky sign positive/negative in SJS

A

positive

30
Q

what is seen in at least two places with SJS

A

mucosal ulceration

31
Q

mortality rate in SJS

A

10%

32
Q

what is the definitive investigation to diagnose Stevens-johnson syndrome

A

skin biopsy

33
Q

what shape are the lesions seen in SJS

A

target shaped

34
Q

what is erythema multiforme

A

immune-mediated condition characterised by typical or atypical target lesions and potential blistering

35
Q

most common cause of erythema multiforme

A

infections- most common hsv

36
Q

which cell mediates erythema multiforme

A

delayed T cell mediated skin reaction

37
Q

what is erythema multiforme minor

A

does not involve mucous membranes
usually triggered by an infection

38
Q

what is erythema multiforme major

A

does involve mucous membranes
more commonly drug-induced

39
Q

how many colours are typical erythema multiforme lesions

A

three

40
Q

how many colours are atypical erythema multiforme lesions

A

two

41
Q

where do erythema multiforme rashes usually develop before spreading to rest of body

A

palms and soles

My Flashcards Year 2 (47 decks)

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