NLE Level 1 Culture & Civilization Flashcards
What is the backbone of Italy?
Apennine Mountain Range
Rome is located on the ___ and its port city is ___ at the mouth of the ___.
Tiber River; Ostia; Tiber River
Latium is in the middle of what three important plains on the west coast of Italy?
Etruria, Latium, and Campania.
What is the port city on the eastern coast of Italy?
Brundisium
Rome is called the city of ___.
seven hills
The most important hill was the ___, where the Temple of Jupiter and other temples were located.
Captioline Hill
center of government and business activity
forum
Senate House
Curia
The ___, Sacred Way, that ran through the Forum up to the Capitoline Hill
Via Sacra
The ___, the Appian Way that connected Rome and Brundisium.
Via Appia
The ___ was a race track for chariot racing
Circus Maximus
The ___ was a round arena for sports such as gladiator contests.
Colosseum
Thermae
public baths
carried water to Rome
aqueducts
resort city south of Rome in the plain of Campania
Pompeii
Pompeii was destroyed in ___ by the eruption of the volcano on ___.
79 A.D.; Mt. Vesuvius
The large island directly south of Italy
Sicily
Italia
Italy
Gallia
Gaul (modern France)
Hispania
Iberia (modern Spain and Portugal)
Britannia
Britain
Graecia
Greece
Germania
Germany
Illyrium
Illyria (modern Croatia, Serbia, etc.)
Asia
Anatolia, Asia Minor (modern Turkey)
Aegyptus
Egypt
Africa
Libya
Italy
Italia
Gaul (modern France)
Gallia
Iberia (modern Spain and Portugal)
Hispania
Britain
Britannia
Greece
Graecia
Germany
Germania
Illyria (modern Croatia, Serbia, etc.)
Illyrium
Anatolia, Asia Minor (modern Turkey)
Asia
Egypt
Aegyptus
Libya
Africa
Name the Major Seas in Rome
Mare Nostrum (Mediterranean Sea); Black Sea; and Atlantic Ocean
Name the Major Mountain Ranges
Apennines, Alps, Pyrenees (between Spain and France)
Name the Great Volcanoes of Italy
Vesuvius; Aetna (Sicily)
Name the Important Ports of Italy
Ostia, Brundisium (Brindisi - jumping off point for Greece)
The twin sons of Mars and Rhea Silvia
Romulus and Remus
Remus and Romulus were set afloat in a basket on the ___, but were rescued and suckled by a ___, and later went on to found Rome in ___.
Tiber River; she-wolf; 753 B.C.
Romulus killed his brother and become the first of the ___ of Rome, during a period called ___.
seven kings; The Monarchy
The seventh and last king of Rome was the tyrant ___, who was overthrown in __.
Tarquinius Superbus; 510 B.C.
During the Republic, Rome was ruled by a ___ and two ___, each of whom served for a term of one year.
Senate; consuls
Carthaginian general who marched his army and elephants from Spain across the Alps into Italy.
Hannibal
The wars with Carthage
Punic Wars
The mot famous general of the Roman Republic, ___ conquered Gaul and made it a Roman province.
Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar was assassinated in ___ by Roman senators who feared he would become a king.
44 B.C.
The assassination of Caesar led to a civil war, which was won by his nephew, ___, later known as ___.
Octavian; Augustus
Augustus became the first ___ of Rome in the period called ___.
emperor; The Roman Empire
End of the Roman Empire
476 A.D.
The three periods of Rome
Monarchy, Republic, Roman Empire
During whose reign was Christ born?
Caesar Augustus
The basic Roman garment
tunica or tunic
an amulet believed to guard against evil spirits
bulla
The patrician wore a ___ over the tunic for public occasions
toga
the ancient color of royalty and nobility
purple
boot worn by Roman soliders
caliga
three garments of a basic outfit for Roman women
tunica, stola, palla
garment worn by women over the tunic
stola
draped cloak worn by women as an outer garment
palla
a decorated pin used to fasten cloaks and draped clothing
fibula
The few wealthiest Roman families in the ___ lived in ___.
urbs; palaces
Ordinary Romans lived in simple apartments in apartment blocks called ___
insulae
the typical city home of the average upper-class Roman family
domus
Entryway before the front door. Clients gathered here in the early morning to meet the patron.
Vestibulum
Front door
Janua
Corridor leading from the janua to the atrium.
fauces
Shops, operated by the patron or rented out. These opened only onto the street and were not internally connected to the rest of the house.
Tabernae
A large open-air interior courtyard. It was the formal room where guests were received and clients assembled to wait for their customary morning visits to their patron. It was also a room for family occasions.
Atrium
At the center of the atrium, directly beneath the opening in the roove (compluvium)
impluvium
The atrium often contained the ___, a niche containing a shrine to the family gods (lares and penates)
lararium
Small bedrooms or sitting rooms, usually furnished with no more than a bed and a wooden chest.
cubiculum
side apartments, storage
ala
rear entrance
posticum
office, where family records and treasure chest were kept. Opening at both ends, providing a view from the atrium through to the peristylium, could be closed with folding doors or screens.
Tablinum
Dining room, with a three-sided cushioned bench for reclining (the refined way to dine was in a reclining position) surrounding a small table.
triclinium
Colonnaded interior garden with frescoes, statuary, and fountains
peristylium
kitchen
culina
Room with seats for formal entertainments, dinner parties, conversations, and disputing. May be decorated with frescoes and mosaic floors. Mosaid floors used small bits of colored glass (tesserae) to create a picture, often of scenes taken from mythology or nature.
Excedra
Decorative pool at the center of the peristylium.
Piscina
