Lesson 20 Grammar Review Flashcards
When used in an indirect statement, an impersonal verb is changed to a/an infinitive and the subject, which had been indicated by the personal ending, is ___.
infinitive; omitted
The present participle is a ___ declension adjective of ___ termination.
3rd; one
A gerund is a/an ___.
verbal noun
An infinitive is a ___.
verbal noun
Indirect statements use the ___ in the subordinate clause.
infinitive
Indirect statements are ___ clauses, and are introduced by a verb of ___.
subordinate; speaking, thinking, or perceiving
The ___ tenses are called secondary tenses. The Latin secondary tenses are ___.
past; imperfect, perfect, pluperfect
An indirect statement in Latin is indicated by the ___ construction, which 1) changes the verb to a/an ___, and 2) puts the subject in the ___ case
accusative with infinitive; infinitive; accusative
The conjugation of possum is easy to remember: if a form of sum begins with s, prefix ___; if a form of sum begins with e, prefix ___.
pos-; pot-
The perfect active infinitive is formed by adding ___ to the ___ stem. The future active infinitive is a compound of the ___ and ___. The perfect passive infinitive is a compound of the ___ and ___.
-isse; perfect; future active participle; esse; perfect passive participle; esse
Verbals are formed from ___ that are used as other parts of speech.
verbs
As a verb, a participle has ___ and ___.
tense; voice
One way to group the indicative tenses is by the stem. Another is by ___.
time
As verbs, infinitives have ___ and ___.
tense; voice
The infinitive is used in the ___ and ___ cases. The gerund is used in the ___, ___, and ___ cases.
nominative; accusative; genitive; dative; ablative
The declension of the gerund is identical to the ___ declension.
2nd
What other verbal noun have you learned? (besides the gerund)
infinitive
___ verbs do not have a personal subject.
Impersonal
A participle is a/an ___.
verbal adjective
As a noun, an infinitive is ___ in gender, ___ in number, and ___
neuter; singular; indeclinable
As an adjective, a participle agrees with its noun or pronoun in ___.
gender, number, and case
Like participles, infinitives have tense and voice, and only exist in three tenses: ___.
persent, perfect, and future
A/an ___ statement is a statement reported by someone else.
indirect
The rule for this coordination is called the ___.
Sequence of Tenses
What case is the gerund missing? What gender and number is the gerund?
nominative; neuter, singular
The future active participle is formed by dropping ___ from the perfect passive participle and adding ___.
-us; -urus
The present active participle is formed by adding the following endings to the ___ stem: ___ in the 1st/2nd conjugations; ___ in the 3rd, 3rd io, and 4th conjugations.
present; -ns; -ens
How many infinitives are there in Latin? How many are active? How many are passive?
6; 3; 3
In the sentence “It rains,” the word it is a/an ___ subject without reference to a real person or thing.
grammatical
The future active participle is a ___ declension adjective.
1st/2nd
As with indirect questions, the translation of the subordinate clause verb (i.e., the indirect statement verb) will depend on whether the main verb is a ___ or ___ tense.
primary; secondary
Is the gerund an adjective? In the sentence “I see the boy throwing a javelin,” what part of speech would you use to say throwing?
No; a present active participle
The ___ and ___ tenses are called primary tenses. The Latin primary tenses are ___.
present; future; present, future, future perfect
If a sentence has an independent and a subordinate clause, the verbs in the two clauses must coordinate with respect to ___.
time
How may participles are there in Latin? ___ Name them.
3; perfect passive, future active, and present active
What case and number of the present participle does not have the usual case ending? What is the usual ending? What ending does the present participle have?
ablative singular; -i; -e
The verbs in a sentence with an indirect statement must correspond. Use the ___ infinitive if the action takes place at the same time as the main verb. Use the ___ infinitive if the action takes place before the main verb. Use the ___ infinitive if the action takes place after the main verb.
present; perfect; future
Indirect statements are often introduced by the word ___, but not always.
that
The Latin word for when is ___. Clauses beginning with when are called ___ in Latin.
cum; cum-clauses
To form the gerund, add ___ to the present stem of 1st/2nd conjugation verbs, or ___ to the present stem of 3rd/3rd io/4th conjugation verbs.
-ndi; -endi
In indirect questions, the subjunctive is translated using ___ meanings.
subjunctive
