Lesson 7 Grammar Review

Question 1

Many 3rd declension adjectives can be changed into adverbs by adding ___ to the adjective stem.

Answer 1

-iter

Question 2

The degrees of comparison are:

Answer 2

positive, comparitive, superlative

Question 3

Some nouns have plural forms only, but may have a singular or plural ___. A noun and its verb must agree in person and ___.

Answer 3

meaning; number

Question 4

What is the one irregularity in the present passive system of each conjugation?

Answer 4

1st conjugation - 2nd-person singular of future tense beris

2nd conjugation - 2nd-person singular of future tense beris

3rd conjugation - 2nd-person singular of present tense eris

3rd io conjugation - 2nd-person singular of present tense eris

4th conjugation - NONE

Question 5

Some verbs may take two accusatives instead of one. One example is verbs that call someone something, where the something is called a ___ and the construction is called the ___.

Answer 5

predicate accusative; double accusative

Question 6

To form the passive forms of the present system, substitute ___ personal endings for ___ personal endings.

Answer 6

passive; active

Question 7

Give two examples of Latin nouns with plural forms that have singular meanings in English. Write the Latin and English.

Answer 7

insidiae (plot, ambush), castra (camp), impedimenta (baggage, baggage train), angústiae (when it means “narrow place”)

Question 8

Some adjectives use their ___ forms as adverbs. These forms end in either ___ or ___.

Two examples are ___ and ___.

Answer 8

neutuer singular accusative; -um; -e

multum, fácile

Question 9

The ___ is descriptive.

Answer 9

positive

Question 10

An adverb most commonly modifies a verb by answering the questions ___.

Answer 10

how, when, where, to what extent

Question 11

In the active voice, the subject ___.

Answer 11

performs the action of the verb

Question 12

The tenses of the perfect passive system are ___ verbs.

Answer 12

compound

Question 13

Give the two voices of Latin verbs.

Answer 13

active and passive

Question 14

Give an example of the ablative of agent.

Answer 14

Galli a Caésare superantur. The Gauls are overcome by Caesar.

Question 15

Give two examples of Latin nouns that have only plural forms and meanings. Write the Latin and English.

Answer 15

liberi (children), arma (arms, weapons), hiberna (winter quarters), angustiae (when it means “difficulties”)

Question 16

Adverbs stand ___ the verbs they modify.

Answer 16

before

Question 17

Many 1st/2nd-declension adjectives can be changed into adverbs by adding ___ to the adjective stem.

Answer 17

-ē

Question 18

Define adverb.

Answer 18

An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb.

Question 19

The superlative of regular adverbs is formed by ___.

Answer 19

adding -ē to the superlative stem

Question 20

3rd declension adjectives of two and three terminations are changed into adverbs by ___.

Answer 20

adding -iteror-er to the stem

Question 21

What two words are not cities or small islands, but have a locative? What are their locatives?

Answer 21

domus, rus; domi ruri

Question 22

In adjectives and adverbs, there are ___.

Answer 22

degrees of comparison

Question 23

1st/ 2nd declension adjectives are changed into adverbs by ___.

Answer 23

adding -ē to the stem

Question 24

In the passive voice, the subject ___.

Answer 24

receives the action of the verb

Question 25

When the action of the passive verb is performed by a LIVING AGENT, the construction is called ___ and requires the preposition ___.

Answer 25

the ablative of agent; a/ab

Question 26

The ___ implies a comparison a comparison among more than two persons or things.

Answer 26

comparitive

Question 27

The place or location of something is in the ___ case.

Answer 27

locative

Question 28

When the action of the verb is performed by a NON-LIVING THING, the construction is called ___ and the preposition is ___.

Answer 28

ablative of means; omitted

Question 29

The comparitive of regular adverbs is the ___.

Answer 29

neuter singular nominative form

Question 30

The verb ___ can be used to mean ___ or ___ in the sense of existence

Answer 30

sum; there is; there are

Question 31

Some adjectives, especially of quantity and number, form adverbs with the ___.

Answer 31

accusative singular

Question 32

When sum is used to mean there is or there are, sum will be in the ___ person, and is usually the ___ word in the sentence or ___ the subject.

Answer 32

third; first; before

Question 33

The ___ implies a comparison among more than two persons or things.

Answer 33

superlative

Question 34

Give the Locative Rule.

Answer 34

For cities and small islands, the locative is identical to the ablative except in the 1st and 2nd declension singular, where it is identical to the gentiive. It is translated by in or at.

Question 35

Give an example of an ablative of means.

Answer 35

Galli gládio superantur. The Gauls are overcome by the sword.