Neoplasms #3 (1) Flashcards

1
Q

Screening methods for reproductive cancer

A
  • pap smear
  • pelvic exam
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Risk Factors Cervical Cancer

A
  1. Low socioeconomic status
  2. Early sexual activity
  3. Multiple sex partners
  4. HPV infection
  5. Smoking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Clinical manifestations of cervical cancer

A

usually asymptomatic until later stages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Risk factors endometrial cancer

A
  1. Estrogen
  2. Increasing age
  3. Nulliparty
  4. Obesity
  5. HTN
  6. DM
  7. Family History of nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Clinical manifestations of endometrial cancer

A

abnormal uterine bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Risk factors of ovarian cancer

A
  • Family history ovarian/breast/colon cancer
  • Nulliparty
  • Increasing age
  • High Fat diet
  • Early menarche and late menopause
  • HRT
  • Infertility drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Risk factors to vulvar (external genitalia) cancer

A
  • Immunosuppression
  • DM
  • HTN
  • Chronic vuvlar dystrophies (STDS)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Clinical Manifestations of ovarian cancer

A
  • Persistent bloating
  • Pelvic or abdominal pain
  • Feeling full quickly
  • Frequent or urgent urination
  • Loss of appetite
  • Post-menopausal bleeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Clinical manifestations of vulvar (external genitalia)

A
  1. Vulvular itching or buring
  2. Pain
  3. Bleeding
  4. Discharge
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A
  • 80% of all skin cancers
  • Rarely metastasize
  • Non-melanoma
  • High cure rate when treated early
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Assessment of Basal Cell Carcinoma

A
  • Shiny, translucent or pearly nodule
  • Sore that continuously heals and then reopens
  • Waxy scar
  • Reddish iriitated patches of skin
  • Most appear on sun-exposed areas: face, ears, scalp, upper trunk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A
  • 16% of all skin cancers
  • Potential to metastasize when not treated early
  • Smoking contributes to formation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Assessment of Squamous cell carcinoma

A
  • Crusted or scaly area of skin with red of inflamed base
  • Scale or horn may cover lesion
  • May occur inside of mouth and genitalia
  • Often found on sun-exposed areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Melanoma

A
  • Most prevalent form of cancer in women aged 25-29
  • 4% of all skin cancers
  • Rapidly spreads to lymph system and internal organs
  • Once metastasized, prognosis is poor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Assessment of Melanoma

A
  • Often develops in pre-existing mole or what appears to be a new mole
  • Asymmetry
  • Border Irregularity
  • Color variation within lesion
  • Diameter >6mm
  • Elevation and evolution (change)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Colon Cancer Risk Factors

A
  • Age
  • Familial polyposis
  • Colorectal polyps
  • Chronic IBD
  • Family history colorectal cancer
  • History breast cancer
  • High fat and/or low fiber diet
17
Q

Screening methods for Colon Cancer

A
  • Begin at age 50
  • Begin at age 45 for african americans or family history of colon cancer
  • Fecal occult blood testing (FOBT)
  • Flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years or colonscopy every 10 years
  • 2/3 deaths preventable with screening
18
Q

Clinical manifestations of Colon Cancer

A
  1. Non-specific until advanced disease
  2. Right Sided Cancer: vague, colicky abdominal pain, weakness, fatigue
  3. Left Sided Cancer: rectal bleeding, constipation, diarrhea, change in stool caliber
19
Q

Surgical and Treatment Interventions for Colon Cancer

A
  • Abdominal Perineal Resection
  • Lower Anterior Resection
  • Hemi-colectomy
  • Radiation
  • Chemotherapy
  • Biotherapy
  • Targeted therapy