Diabetes2

Question 1

Normal Fasting Blood Glucose

Answer 1

60-100mg/dL

Question 2

Normal HbA1C

Answer 2

less than or equal to 5.6%

Question 3

Pre-Diabetes

Answer 3

a condition that occurs when a person’s blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 DM

Question 4

Fasting Blood Glucose or Fasting Plasma Glucose…Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) value (prediabetes)

Answer 4

100mg/dL-125mg/dL

Question 5

Two Hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Impaired Glucose Tolerance (prediabetes)

Answer 5

140mg/dL-199mg/dL

Question 6

HbA1C

Answer 6

determines glucose levels over previous 2-3 months

Question 7

What is two hour oral glucose test?

Answer 7

take glucose and then two hours later are tested

Question 8

Pre-diabetic HbA1C

Answer 8

5.7-6.4%

Question 9

Diabetic HbA1C

Answer 9

greater than or equal to 6.5%

Question 10

Diabetic Fasting Plasma Glucose

Answer 10

greater than or equal to 126 mh/dL

Question 11

Diabetic Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

Answer 11

greater than or equal to 200mg/dL

Question 12

Classic symptoms of hyperglycemia

Answer 12

polyuria, polydipsia, unexplained weight loss

Question 13

Diabetic Random Plasma Glucose

Answer 13

greater than or equal to 200mg/dL

Question 14

Polyuria

Answer 14

glucose is highly osmotic leading to excessive loss of fluid and electrolytes

when serum glucose reaches the renal threshold, excessive glucose spills into urine

Question 15

Renal Threshold Glucose

Answer 15

160-180mg/dL

Question 16

Polydipsia

Answer 16

excessive thirst

Question 17

Why does polydipsia occur in hyperglycemia

Answer 17

due to osmotic diuresis and dehydration

Question 18

Polyphagia

Answer 18

excessive hunger

Question 19

Why does polyphagia occur?

Answer 19

cellular starvation when insulin deficiency prevent utilization of glucose for energy

Question 20

What are symptoms of type 1 DM?

Answer 20

• polyuria
• polydipsia
• polyphagia
• weight loss
• weakness and fatigue
• Ketone production
• Glycosuria

Question 21

Why are ketones produced in diabetics?

Answer 21

ketones are the end product of fat metabolism

Question 22

What is glycosuria?

Answer 22

Serum glucose levels rise above renal threshold, glucose spills into the urine

Question 23

Symptoms of type 2 DM

Answer 23

Gradual onset:

• polyuria
• polydipsia
• polyphagia
• Fatigue
• Recurrent infections
• Prolonged wound healing
• Visual Changes
• Vascular Changes