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Dairy Bowl > NAILE Written Test Questions > Flashcards

NAILE Written Test Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Milk coagulation is caused by the presence of what enzyme?

A

rennin (rennet)

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2
Q

Which yogurt manufacturer pledged to no longer accept milk form cows fed GMO grains?

A

Dannon

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3
Q

What is the name of the water repelling seed coat on a corn kernel?

A

pericarp

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4
Q

Calves drinking softened water will have high levels of what mineral?

A

sodium

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5
Q

A codon is comprised of how many genetic bases?

A

3

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6
Q

What gland produces oxytocin?

A

hypothalamus

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7
Q

What acid is present in the abomasum?

A

Hydrochloric

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8
Q

What is the common name for calcium sulfate?

A

gypsum

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9
Q

Calcium sulfate is used in dairy feed as a source of what?

A

calcium and sulfur

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10
Q

What element was sufficiently high in rainfall for crop production, but must be supplemented in fertilizers due to stricter emissions standards?

A

sulfur

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11
Q

What is the recommended temperature of the water at the beginning of the wash cycle for washing the bulk tank, milking equipment and milk lines?

A

160º

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12
Q

What is the hormone that is produced by the fetus in response to stress which initiates partuition?

A

cortisol

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13
Q

What is the recommended maximum number of calves per nipple in an automated calf feeding system?

A

25 calves

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14
Q

The A-2 beta-casein gene is more prominent in which breed of dairy cattle?

A

Guernsey

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15
Q

When recommended by your veterinarian, heifers should be treated with a dry cow intro mammary infusion how many days prior to calving?

A

30 days

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16
Q

What is the process called where the uterus returned to normal size after calving?

A

Involution

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17
Q

When large amounts of forage are fed, which acid is predominately produced?

A

acetic acid

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18
Q

How many cows would you expect to breed a third time in a 100 cow breeding herd, with a 50% conception rate?

A

25

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19
Q

If the farm price received for milk is $14.00 per hundredweight, what is the price receive per pound of milk?

A

.14 cents

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20
Q

What is the maximum recommended weight difference between the lightest and the heaviest yearling heifers within a group?

A

200 pounds

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21
Q

What hormone can be administered to cause a corpus luteum to regress?

A

prostaglandin

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22
Q

In which digestive compartment does metal accumulate?

A

Reticulum

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23
Q

If two cows that are heterozygous for the polled gene are crossed, what percent of the offspring will be polled?

A

75%

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24
Q

You purchase 3 tons of heifer feed that contains 18% crude protein. How many pounds of crude protein did you buy?

A

6000 lbs * 18%=1080 lbs

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25
Q

Which fat soluble vitamin is produced in the rumen?

A

Vitamin K

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26
Q

Which state has the highest average milk production in 2015?

A

Colorado

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27
Q

How much feeding space should be provided for recently weaned heifers?

A

18 inches

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28
Q

What is the name for the most common simple sugar?

A

Glucose

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29
Q

What is the term for the hormone altering method which causes groups of cows and heifers to show heat at the same time?

A

Synchronization

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30
Q

Which organic acid is produced in excess when forages are ensiled too wet reducing the palatability of the silage?

A

butyric acid

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31
Q

What is the name of the waxy substance in the teat duct which helps provide a physical barrier to bacteria?

A

Keratin

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32
Q

What kind of bedding supports the least amount of bacteria?

A

Sand

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33
Q

What toxic substance is most likely to be found in drought stressed forages?

A

Nitrates

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34
Q

The parotid, submaxillary, buccal and palatine are what type of gland?

A

Salivary gland’s

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35
Q

Which mineral, in addition to copper, is necessary for the proper synthesis of hemoglobin?

A

iron

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36
Q

Planting annual ryegrass helps remove what minerals from the soil?

A

Phosphorus

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37
Q

Milk that is used in soft or spoonable dairy products such as ice cream, cottage cheese and yogurt, is described as what class?

A

Class II

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38
Q

What is the hormone called that can interfere with milk ejection when a cow becomes frightened or upset?

A

Adrenaline

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39
Q

Which mineral, when severely deficient in the cows diet, often results in calves born with thin hair, hair less, stillborn or enlarged thyroid?

A

iodine

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40
Q

What is the term used to describe a mature oocyte or sperm?

A

gamete

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41
Q

What is the biggest enemy of proper silage fermentation in an upright or trench silo?

A

oxygen

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42
Q

Undegradable describes a protein that avoids a breakdown in which digestive system compartment?

A

rumen

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43
Q

What are forages that are harvested by grazing animals called?

A

Pasture

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44
Q

What are the finger like projections that are found in the wall of the rumen?

A

papillae

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45
Q

What is the solid portion of milk remaining after the removal of whey called?

A

curd

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46
Q

Your cow has had five bull calves, what is the probability that her next calf will be a bull?

A

50%

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47
Q

What is the portion of the feed that remains after water has been removed?

A

Dry matter

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48
Q

What is the yellow body that grows on the ovary?

A

Corpus luteum

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49
Q

Which breed of dairy cattle is sometimes referred to as Golden?

A

Guernsey

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50
Q

What term is used to describe forages that are seeded each year and whose growth is completed in one crop year?

A

Annuals

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51
Q

What organ in the dairy cow produces urine?

A

kidneys

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52
Q

Everything that affects and animals performance that is not inherited is said to be due to the effects of what?

A

Environment

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53
Q

What feed stuff commonly used in the dairy industry is a byproduct of the sugarbeet industry?

A

Beet pulp

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54
Q

What is the most common grain fed to dairy cows in the United States?

A

corn

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55
Q

When a cow chews her cud what is produced that acts as a natural buffer in the rumen?

A

saliva

56
Q

What is the correct name for swelling of the udder?

A

edema

57
Q

What is the common name for bovine keratoconjunctivitis?

A

pink eye

58
Q

A pH of seven is neutral. What is the term for a pH less than seven?

A

acidic

59
Q

What is the name of the manufacturing process which is used to disperse fat evenly throughout milk?

A

Homogenization

60
Q

What is the liquid used in freezing and storing semen?

A

Liquid nitrogen

61
Q

What organ stores and releases bile in the cow?

A

Gall Bladder

62
Q

Which class of nutrients has the most energy per pound?

A

Fats

63
Q

What vitamin is known as ascorbic acid?

A

Vitamin C

64
Q

What is the technical term for hybrid vigor?

A

heterosis

65
Q

A cow on legume pasture is uncomfortable, with her sides bulging out. What do we call her problem?

A

Bloat

66
Q

What calving ease score would be recorded for a Holstein cow if the calving were extremely difficult?

A

5

67
Q

Which disease occurring in dairy cattle causes undulant fever in humans?

A

Brucellosis (Bangs disease)

68
Q

What class of milk is used for the production of ice cream?

A

Class II

69
Q

Which region of the United States has the largest average herd size?

A

West

70
Q

What type of cheese is used for the purpose of calculating Cheese Yield Dollars?

A

Cheddar

71
Q

What is the name given to the hole in Emmentaler or Swiss cheese?

A

Eyes

72
Q

Two black and white red carrier Holsteins are mated; what percentage of their offspring would be expected to be red and white?

A

25%

73
Q

Which breed of dairy cattle is affected by the condition known as Spiderleg?

A

Brown Swiss

74
Q

What is the name of the sugar which is found in semen?

A

Fructose

75
Q

The USDA routinely surveys the milk production in the top producing states. How many states are included in the survey?

A

23

76
Q

What is the term for feed material found in the small intestine of a cow?

A

chyme

77
Q

A deficiency of hemoglobin, iron, or red blood cells that prevents adequate transport of oxygen by blood to tissues is known as what?

A

anemia

78
Q

Which vitamin is important in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus?

A

Vitamin D

79
Q

Name the cheese which is said to be shaped like a cannon ball.

A

Edam

80
Q

What hormone is secreted by the uterus that inhibits FSH release?

A

Inhibin

81
Q

A defect in the JH1 haplotype is associated with what trait in Jersey cows?

A

Infertility

82
Q

What mineral is needed by the dairy cow in the greatest quantity?

A

potassium

83
Q

What test is conducted by injecting a small amount of an antibody into the caudal fold of the tail?

A

tubercleosis

84
Q

Which month has been designated as cheese month?

A

October

85
Q

Which breed passes on the lowest percentage of antibodies from Dam to Calf?

A

Holstein (5.6%)

86
Q

What term describes a dairy cow’s vision?

A

Panoramic

87
Q

What is the recommended temperature for the pasteurization of waste milk for calves when using and on-farm batch pasteurizer?

A

145º

88
Q

Which VFA provides most of the energy used to develop the rumen wall?

A

butyric acid

89
Q

What is the branch of biotechnology that is concerned with applying molecular biology to the genetic mapping and DNA sequencing of genes?

A

genomics

90
Q

What is the one word term given to the measure of a farm’s available assets which can be readily converted to cash?

A

Liquidity

91
Q

Which of the contiguous states in the United States has its own system for producer payment?

A

California

92
Q

What is the primary milk protein?

A

casein

93
Q

What are the hereditary units that are passed onto the offspring the other sperm and egg, which influence the expression of specific traits?

A

genes

94
Q

How many cells are there in an embryo after four cell divisions?

A

16

95
Q

Dairy cows typically reach their mature wait in which lactation?

A

third

96
Q

Which bovine stomach compartment is highly acidic?

A

abomasum

97
Q

If a black and white non-carrier Holstein cow is made it to a red and white Holstein bull, what percentage of the Cavs should be red and white?

A

0

98
Q

Vitamin D helps prevent what nutritional disorder in calves?

A

rickets

99
Q

Where in the body would you find most of the phosphorus reserves?

A

bone

100
Q

What is the highest grade of butter sold in the United States?

A

Grade AA

101
Q

What is the name of the plant component within the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) fraction which is indigestible?

A

lignin

102
Q

FSH is secreted by which gland?

A

pituitary

103
Q

What is the scientific term for the act of giving birth?

A

partuition

104
Q

What a metabolic disorder often occurs when a dairy cow eats too much grain?

A

acidosis

105
Q

What is the largest stomach compartment of the newborn calf?

A

abomasum

106
Q

The amount of cheese that can be manufactured from 1 pound of milk is most affected by which component of the milk?

A

protein

107
Q

Which breed of dairy cow has the lowest incidence of dystocia?

A

Jersey

108
Q

What term is used to describe a transition cow with a body condition score of four or above?

A

over-conditioned

109
Q

What is the name of the clusters of secretory cells in the mammary gland that are arranged in great like structures?

A

alveoli

110
Q

Somatic cell counts are generally highest during which season?

A

summer

111
Q

What is the term when a calf is born dead or dies within 24 hours of birth?

A

stillbirth

112
Q

What is the standardized milk fat percent of whole milk in most states?

A

3.25%

113
Q

What hormone is found in CIDR vaginal inserts?

A

Progesterone

114
Q

Lactobacillus bacteria are beneficial bacteria which are commonly consumed by humans and what common food?

A

yogurt

115
Q

Name the master gland which controls the estrous cycle.

A

pituitary

116
Q

Milk production in high producing cows begins to decrease when the THI exceeds what level?

A

68

117
Q

What is the more common name for bovine respiratory disease?

A

pneumonia

118
Q

Which element commonly found in air negatively impacts the quality of silage both as it is being ensiled and as it is being fed?

A

oxygen

119
Q

Which body organ converts fats to usable energy?

A

liver

120
Q

Which gland produces the milk-let-down hormone?

A

hypothalamus

121
Q

In which state would we find the most cows producing organic milk?

A

California

122
Q

There are numerous mycotoxins which can be found in feedstuffs. Which is the only mycotoxin regulated by the Food and Drug Administration?

A

aflatoxin

123
Q

Which organ secretes digestive enzyme into the small intestine?

A

pancreas

124
Q

What is the major rumen VFA used for fat synthesis by the udder?

A

acetate

125
Q

Dextrose, steroids and propylene glycol are common treatment for what metabolic disease?

A

ketosis

126
Q

Feeding changes should be made gradually to allow the growth of what structure in the digestive system?

A

rumen papillae

127
Q

What is the technical term for the eversion of the teat orifice?

A

hyperkeratosis

128
Q

What is the more common name for hyperketonemia?

A

ketosis

129
Q

Volatile fatty acids are the main source of energy for the dairy cow. Where are the VFA’s produced?

A

rumen

130
Q

What is the name of the new milk promotion campaign sponsored by MilkPEP?

A

Milk Life

131
Q

What is the scientific term for the transition from active milk synthesis to the non-lactating state?

A

involution

132
Q

What is the name of the fetal component of the placental attachment?

A

cotyledons

133
Q

What is the technical term for the movement of nitrates through the soil and into the ground water?

A

leaching

134
Q

Which company is the largest dairy processor in the United States?

A

Nestle

135
Q

What is the scientific word for formation of milk during established lactation?

A

galactopoiesis

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