2014 Major Nutrients - Fats Flashcards
When listing the five essential nutrients, which two nutrients are combined together to form “energy”?
fats and carbohydrates
What is most likely to be the limiting nutrient for the high producing dairy cow?
energy
Name the most concentrated energy source in dairy cattle rations.
fats
Name the two major sources of energy for the dairy cow.
fats and carbohydrates
What are the building blocks of fats and lipids?
fatty acids are the building blocks of fats and lipids
When comparing fats to starches, fats how many more times the energy value of starch?
fats contain 2.25 times more energy
As a percentage, what is the correct maximum level of fat in a lactating cow’s dairy ration?
lactating dairy cow’s rations should be no more than 5-7% fat
What is another term for fat?
lipid
What nutrient is often added to feedstuffs to increase its energy density?
fats
What are two reasons why a dairy farmer may add fat supplements to the dairy cattle’s rations?
increase absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, reduce dustiness of feed
Young dairy animals require large amounts of energy, therefore which nutrient is an essential part of their diet?
fats
Fats should make up what percentage of the young dairy animal’s diet?
fats should be 10-25% of their diet
Name two sources of fats in a ruminant’s diet.
whole cottonseeds, whole soybeans
In dairy cattle rations, dairy farmers use blends of fats from what two sources?
farmers use a blend of animal and vegetable fats in dairy cattle rations
Animal fat is also known as what?
tallow
Rumen fermentation and dry matter intake can be negatively effected by too much of which nutrient?
fat
Feed producers of dairy cattle rations, make a special formula of what nutrient, so that it has no effect on rumen?
feed producers make a special formula of FATS that has no effect on rumen fermentation
What are the two classifications of fats?
saturated, unsaturated
If a fat is said to be saturated, then it contains the maximum number of what?
hydrogen atoms
By definition of a saturated fat, a single bond exists between each of which two elements?
a single bond exists between each of the CARBON and HYDROGEN atoms
If a fat is said to be unsaturated, then at least one pair of what type of atoms, is connected with a double bond?
at least one pair of CARBON atoms has a double bond
When a fatty acid does not contain the maximum number of carbon atoms, the fatty acid is said to be what?
unsaturated
When a fatty acid contains the maximum number of carbon atoms, the fatty acid is said to be what?
saturated
During rumen fermentation, what happens to most of the unsaturated fats?
most unsaturated fats are converted to saturated fats
Most meat and milk provided by ruminants, contains what classification of fat and why?
Most meat and milk are made of saturated fats because processes in the rumen convert unsaturated fats into saturated fats
