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Dairy Bowl > 2013 INT Contest Questions > Flashcards

2013 INT Contest Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What can change the genetic make-up of a population?

A

mutation, selection, migration

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2
Q

Spell Oberhasli!

A

OBERHASLI

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3
Q

Give 3 causes for mastitis.

A

failure to teat dip, poor housing/environment, poor milking practices, faulty milking equipment, poor sanitation, stray voltage

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4
Q

Name 3 symptoms of clinical mastitis.

A

flakes, clots, stringy milk, watery milk, hot quarter, swollen quarter, presence of blood

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5
Q

What is the cow’s first line of defense against mastitis?

A

keratin

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6
Q

What is the common name for traumatic gastritis?

A

hardware diesease

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7
Q

How long is the average standing heat?

A

2-12 hours with an average of 7 hours

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8
Q

What is the most concentrated dietary energy source for dairy cattle?

A

fats

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9
Q

Give two uses for ultrasound.

A

pregnancy check, determine sex, monitor cystic ovaries

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10
Q

What are the 4 elements used to calculate DCAD value?

A

sodium, potassium, chlorine, sulfur

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11
Q

What is the most economically detrimental parasite?

A

brown stomach worms

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12
Q

How many alleles are on each locus?

A

two alleles on each locus++

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13
Q

Vitamin E functions much like what mineral?

A

selenium

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14
Q

What is the basic unit of inheritance?

A

gene

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15
Q

At what temp is the water used to wash a bulk tank?

A

160 degree

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16
Q

What is a polysaccharride?

A

several simple sugars linked together form a polysaccharide,

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17
Q

How can heat damage in haylage be determined?

A

dark color, burnt odor

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18
Q

A lack of what mineral causes grass tetany?

A

magnesium

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19
Q

What measure shows how well nitrogen and fermentable carbohydrates are balanced in the ration?

A

MUN - milk urea nitrogen

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20
Q

What is considered the best material for covering a bunker silo?

A

plastic

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21
Q

What is ADG and how is it used?

A

average daily gain, used to monitor growth rates in heifers

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22
Q

When does estrogen level peak?

A

peaks at standing estrus (heat)

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23
Q

Name the two first limiting amino acids.

A

methionine, lysine

24
Q

What is a sanitary trap and how is it used?

A

a vessel between the milk and air sysytems to limit the movement of liquids and other contaminants between the two systems

25
Q

A decrease on a milk fat test could be caused by what?

A

finely chpped feed, low fiber content, illness, estrus, hot weather

26
Q

The corpus luteum is present during what stage of the estrous cycle?

A

diestrus

27
Q

Define RFV

A

relative feed value - number used to determine market quality of hay, expressed as a percent

28
Q

How often is the genetic base for USDA-AIPL genetic evaluations updated?

A

every five years

29
Q

Name a requirement for adequate, effective cleaning of milking systems.

A

time, temperature, concentration

30
Q

Give an example of a high protein concentrate.

A

soybean meal **

31
Q

Name 3 diseases that can cause abortions.

A

brucellosis, listeriosis, neospors, IBR

32
Q

Name three raw milk quality tests.

A

acid degree value, freezing point, SCC, antibiotic test

33
Q

Give three things found on a feed label.

A

name of feed, ingredients, directions, guaranteed analysis (this gives things like crude protein, crude fat, calcium, salt, etc.), cautions, name of company making feed

34
Q

What do the letters CV mean on a Holstein pedigree?

A

animal carries gene for CVM - complex vertebral malformation - CV is genetic code, TVM means tested and is not a carrier

35
Q

What is involution?

A

the process where the udder reverts to a non-milking-producing state after drying off

36
Q

What is a springing heifer?

A

A heifer that will deliver her calf in 2-3 weeks.

37
Q

Name 3 estrus synchronization programs.

A

Ovsynch, Pre-Synch, Heat-Synch, Co-Synch

38
Q

What percent of bodyweight should a calf be fed in milk or milk replacer per day?

A

What percent of bodyweight should a calf be fed in milk or milk replacer per day?

39
Q

What are the top 3 states for pounds of milk per cow for 2012?

A

1) New Mexico, 2) Arizona, 3) Colorado

40
Q

In order to qualify for “Star of the Breed Award” where must a cow place in a National show?

A

must place in top 5

41
Q

How many pounds per day must a Holstein calf gain to be the correct body size for breeding at the most beneficial time?

A

1-1.5 lbs/day

42
Q

When browsing seed catalogs and silage plot reports, it is important to focus on what three factors?

A

yield (how much corn it will produce), starch content (which delivers energy to cow), fiber digestibility (how easy it will be for cow to digest)

43
Q

What is a laceration?

A

a cut

44
Q

The letters HL represent the genetic code for what?

A

hairless

45
Q

During what season would a human being need to supplement Vitamin D?

A

winter

46
Q

Where in the dairy cow is the milk stored before milking?

A

teat cistern

47
Q

Define pathogen.

A

any microorganism that causes disease

48
Q

What temperature should milk be stored at in a bulk tank to maintain the best quality?

A

UNDER 40 degrees

49
Q

What is a toxin?

A

a poison produced by microorganisms that kills cells

50
Q

Milk in a bulk tank must be cooled to what temperature, and in what time frame?

A

must be cooled to 45 degrees or less within two hours

51
Q

What is the average pounds of milk production per day per cow in the US?

A

73 pounds of milk/ day

52
Q

What is amylase, what is its purpose, and where is it found?

A

enzyme that digests starches, found in saliva and small intestine

53
Q

What measure shows how well nitrogen and fermentable carbohydrates are balanced in the ration?

A

MUN - milk urea nitrogen

54
Q

What is the benefit of a highly digestinle forage?

A

a highly digestible forage can reduce feed costs by allowing the farmer to remove grain from the ration, and support higher feed intake and milk yeild

55
Q

What is udder edema?

A

swelling of the udder, (due to excessive amounts of lymph accumulating between the skin and udder tissue)

Dairy Bowl (57 decks)

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