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Dairy Bowl > 2013 Submitted INT > Flashcards

2013 Submitted INT Flashcards

1
Q

Name 4 of the recommended protein sources for milk replacers.

A

casein, dried skim milk, dried whey, dried whey product, dried whey protein concentrate, modified wheat protein, protein modified soy flour, soy protein concentrate, soy protein isolate

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2
Q

Give 3 storage options for excess colostrum.

A

add preservative acid, ferment, freeze, refrigerate

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3
Q

Name 4 conditions that can result in poor quality colostrum.

A

cows dry less than 3-4 weeks, pre-milking, young cow, leaking teats, dirty udder and teats

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4
Q

Name 2 of the 3 liquid diet choices for pre-weaned calves.

A

milk replacer, whole milk, colostrum

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5
Q

Name 4 of the major causes of scours in dairy calves.

A

inadequate colostrum, poor quality milk replacer, unsanitary calving conditions, overfeeding, poor quality colostrum, overcrowding, inadequate ventilation

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6
Q

Name the 3 segments of the small intestine.

A

duodenum, ileum, jejunum

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7
Q

Name 3 enzymes produced by the small intestines.

A

amylase, peptidase, lipase

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8
Q

When considering the factors that influence the quantity of saliva produced by the dairy animal, all these factors involve the physical stimulation of what 3 parts of the digestive system.

A

mouth, tongue, esophagus

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9
Q

The rumen contains 5 sacs. Name 3 of the 5.

A

cranial, dorsal, ventral, caudodorsal blind, caudoventral blind

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10
Q

Composting requires four things in order to take place. Name the four things composting requires.

A

air, moisture, nutrients, carbon

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11
Q

What is the average length of a mature dairy cow’s small intestine?

A

130 ft

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12
Q

Besides the small intestine itself, what two organs also produce secretions that enter the duodenum?

A

pancreas, liver

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13
Q

Name the enzyme that digests lipids or fats.

A

lipase

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14
Q

Secretions into the duodenum break down starches and carbohydrates into what?

A

simple sugars

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15
Q

List one of the three types of secretions that come from the pancreas.

A

buffers, enzymes, hormones

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16
Q

Name two hormones produced by the pancreas.

A

insulin, glucagon

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17
Q

A substance secreted into the blood that acts on tissue in other parts of the body to produce a biological response is called a what?

A

hormone

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18
Q

Name the organ of the digestive system that secretes bile.

A

liver

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19
Q

A high content of what nutrient will cause the liver to release bile?

A

fat

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20
Q

What organ in the dairy cow, synthesizes or makes nearly all the glucose needed every day?

A

liver

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21
Q

Besides the rumen, what other digestive system organ is sacculated?

A

large intestine

22
Q

The rumen is the primary place where volatile fatty acids and microbial protein are produced. Name the other digestive system organ where VFA’s and microbial protein are produced.

A

large intestine

23
Q

The term monogastric means what?

A

single-stomached

24
Q

What does the acronym DIM stand for?

A

days in milk

25
Q

Name one of the three reasons a lactation record is generally adjusted.

A

lactation length, mature equivalent, 2 times a day milking

26
Q

Name 2 of the 4 necessary economic inputs for a dairy operation.

A

land, labor, capital, management

27
Q

Give the common name for erythrocytes.

A

red blood cells

28
Q

Name 2 ways a dairy animal can lose body heat.

A

convection, conduction, radiation, evaporation

29
Q

The condition in which animals experience good health, are able to effectively cope with their environment, and are able to express a diversity of species-typical behaviors is known by this term.

A

animal well-being

30
Q

Name the site of semen deposition in natural or bull serivce.

A

vagina, next to cervix

31
Q

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone controls the release of which two hormones from the pituitary gland?

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), leutinizing hormone (LH)

32
Q

Which reproductive organ is responsible for the production of prostaglandin?

A

uterus

33
Q

What is the most reliable sign of estrus?

A

standing to be mounted

34
Q

The thin cylinder in which frozen semen is preserved is known by what name?

A

French straw

35
Q

During what stage of the estrous cycle is the corpus luteum present?

A

diestrus

36
Q

Approximately how many hours after the onset of standing heat should a cow be artificially inseminated?

A

5 - 15 hours

37
Q

How many days after breeding are most embryo transfers conducted?

A

7 or 8 days

38
Q

An animal that receives a fertilized ovum from a donor cow is called what?

A

recipient

39
Q

Name the hormone used in the process of superovulation?

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

40
Q

The leading environmental issue facing farmers is the contamination of ground and surface water by what two elements?

A

phosphorus, nitrogen

41
Q

The movement of nitrate through the soils to groundwater is known by thie term.

A

leaching

42
Q

What practice allows manure to be applied according to crop needs rather than on a daily basis?

A

manure storage

43
Q

What type of storage facility would be used for slurry manure storage?

A

anaerobic pit, earthen structure, above ground tank

44
Q

Name one benefit of manure testing.

A

may reduce fertilizer purchases, may prevent application of nutrients in excess of crop requirements

45
Q

The term non-point source usually refers to pollutants that contaminate what?

A

ground or surface water

46
Q

Name the financial incentive provided by the state or federal government to the farmer to help pay for equipment or practices that reduce pollution.

A

cost-share

47
Q

What is the name given to a plan for the land application of manure and fertilizer to meet crop needs?

A

nutrient management plan

48
Q

If you pick up a bag of 15-10-5 fertilizer, what is the percentage of nitrogen?

A

15%

49
Q

Name 2 of the 5 factors that should be considered when planning a waste management system.

A

environmental, operational, economic, social, legal requirements

50
Q

In terms of nutrient management, an animal unit is how many pounds of live weight of any animal.

A

1000 lbs

Dairy Bowl (57 decks)

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