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Form & Function 1 > Lecture 8 - Integument Anatomy 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 - Integument Anatomy 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is important about the stratum basale?

A

It is where cell division occurs

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2
Q

Hyperkeratosis

A

increased division and layers of tissues

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3
Q

stratum corneum

A

contains keratinocytes (think horn)

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4
Q

What layer of skin determines the thickness

A

dermis

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5
Q

T/F: the hypodermis is composed of areolar tissue

A

True

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6
Q

turgor

A

test of hydration

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7
Q

What are the 7 appendageal structures

A

1 - hair
2 - glands
3 - pads
4 - chestnuts, ergots
5 - claws and hooves
6 - horns
7 - cutaneous

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8
Q

What layer of the skin invaginates to become a hair follicle

A

epidermis

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9
Q

T/F: movement of the arrector pili is voluntary

A

False - smooth muscle movement is involuntary

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10
Q

What is the difference between guard hairs and wool hairs

A

guard hairs are the protective outer coat of all domestic animals except sheep; wool hairs is the undercoat of sheep

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11
Q

What are tactile hairs? Give an example

A

modified guard hairs surrounded by a blood sinus

whiskers

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12
Q

How do tactile hairs work?

A

movement of the hair is amplified by blood via a wave that stimulates nerves

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13
Q

Lanolin

A

produced by sheep sebaceous

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14
Q

what gland produces protein-rich secretions

A

sweat

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15
Q

what gland produces oily sebum

A

sebaceous

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16
Q

What is the difference between apocrine and eccrine sweat glands

A

other than size, apocrine is protein-rich and associated with smell, and eccrine is watery

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17
Q

Ceruminous glands produce

A

earwax

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18
Q

T/F: the mammary gland is a modified sweat gland

A

True

19
Q

mammae

A

tissue associated with one teat

20
Q

supernumerary teat are

a. functional
b. nonfunctional
c. lactating

A

b. nonfunctional

21
Q

What are the three names used to describe paw pads

A

carpal pad
metacarpal pad
digital pad

22
Q

What is a chestnut

a. a type of nut
b. epidermal structure on the palmar/plantar surface
c. epidermal structure on the medial surface of appendages

A

c. epidermal structure on the medial surface of appendages

23
Q

the proper term for hoof

A

ungula

24
Q

what differentiates hoof from claw

A

the hoof is a weight-bearing structure

25
Q

how are digits numbered

A

a dewclaw (whether present or not is 1)

26
Q

why is it not common practice to dehorn adult horned ruminants

A

Over time, the corneal process grows to where there is an extension of the frontal sinus

think poached rhinos - could result in extensive bleeding and infection

27
Q

T/F: herbivores have anal sacs

A

False - carnivores have anal sacs

28
Q

what is secreted by anal sacs

A

serofatty solution

29
Q

what are anal sacs used for

A

marking

30
Q

what are the three cutaneous pouches in sheep

A

1 - infraorbital
2 - interdigital
3 - inguinal

31
Q

What function do the inguinal sinuses serve in ewes

A

identification of lambs after stimulation of the teats

32
Q

What is the jugular groove

A

a linear depression defined by the sternocephalicus and cleidocephalicus

33
Q

what is the jugular fossa

A

depression adjacent to the cranial point of the sternum

34
Q

What is Viborg’s triangle

A

an external feature that sits over the pharyngeal

35
Q

What are Viborg’s triangle’s boundaries? Hint: bone, tendon, vein

A

mandible, sternocephalicus, linguofacial

36
Q

What features ‘complicate’ external jugular vein access in the ox and pig

A

the jugular vein lies deep and there is no distinct jugular groove

37
Q

what are the cutaneous pouches in carnivores

A

anal sacs (glands)

38
Q

what is a clinical condition in the carnivore connected to its cutaneous pouches

A

anal sac abscessation

39
Q

describe the basic parts of a horn

A

bony (corneal) process surrounded by epidermal tissue

40
Q

what is the function of paw pads

A

weight bearing and shock absorption

41
Q

which animals have mammary glands and which have udders

A

Mammary glands = pigs, cats, dog

Udders = ruminants, horses, any animal with inguinal mammae

42
Q

what is a clinical condition of the mammae

A

Mastitis

43
Q

what is the common integument and what does it include

A

it is the vital outer covering and barrier of the animal which includes skin, appendageal structures, SQ tissue, vascular and nerve supply

Form & Function 1 (55 decks)

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