Lecture 64 - Endocrine 6 Flashcards
T/F: cortisol is released in response to stress
TRUE
what are the 4 types of stress
- physical
- emotional/psychological
- environmental
- circadian rhythm
T/F: cortisol helps regulate insulin concentrations
FALSE - blood glucose via gluconeogenesis
define gluconeogenesis
process of producing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources
amino acids -> glucose in the liver
what are the functions of cortisol
- glycemic control
- GI function
- catabolic effects
- anti-inflammatory and immunosuppression
a 2y/o castrated male dog presents with collapse, V+, D+. The clinical assessment reveals hypotension, hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia, and hyponatremia. what two hormones explain these changes? what is the diagnosis?
aldosterone and cortisol deficiency
hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s)
glucocorticoids are synthesized in zona
fasciculata
T/F: amino acid conversion to glucose occurs via gluconeogenesis
TRUE
describe the releasing, stimulating, and target hormones in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
releasing = CRH
stimulating = ACTH
target = cortisol and aldosterone
what two things cause Cushing’s
85% pituitary (tumors)
15% adrenal (dysfunction and tumors)
if cortisol is decreased in Addison’s - what is the effect on CRH and ACTH
increased; increased
if cortisol is increased in Cushing’s due to a tumor in the pituitary, what is the effect on CRH and ACTH
decreased CRH; increased ACTH
if cortisol is increased in Cushing’s due to a tumor in the adrenal gland, what is the effect of CRH and ACTH
decreased; decreased
what inhibits the overproduction of ACTH
dopamine
Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID)
horses
dysfunction of the pars intermedia leading to excessive ACTH
