Lecture 36 - Autonomic Nervous System Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 basic functions a neuron has

A
  1. general sensory
  2. special sensory
  3. somatic motor
  4. autonomic
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2
Q

Describe a somatic motor nerve

A
  • innervate striated muscle
  • conscious and reflex control
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3
Q

A motor unit consists of what

A

somatic motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates

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4
Q

what muscles do the autonomic motor neurons innervate

A

smooth, cardiac, and glands

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5
Q

T/F: autonomic motor neurons are under unconscious control

A

TRUE

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6
Q

T/F: autonomic motor neurons are usually a single neuron from the spinal cord to the target structure

A

FALSE - that’s somatic motor neurons; there are 2 neurons in autonomic

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7
Q

What are the boundaries of the thoracic cavity

A

cranial - thoracic inlet
dorsal - thoracic vertebral column
lateral - ribs & intercostal mm.
ventral - sternum
caudal - thoracic outlet

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8
Q

what are the boundaries of the thoracic inlet

A

T1, 1st rib, 1st sternebrae

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9
Q

what are the boundaries of the thoracic outlet

A

T13, 13th rib and costal arch, 8th sternebrae, diaphragm

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10
Q

what innervates the diaphragm

A

phrenic nerve

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11
Q

what rib border do the intercostal nerves run down

A

caudal

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12
Q

Describe the phrenic nerves (origin and innervation)

A

origin: ventral branches of C5-7
innervation: diaphragm

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13
Q

Describe the vagus nerves (origin, subdivision, and components)

A

origin: vasosympathetic trunk

subdivision: recurrent laryngeal n.

components: sensory, special sensory, somatic motor, and autonomic

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14
Q

sympathetic is usually referred to as

A

fight or flight

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15
Q

parasympathetic is usually referred to as

A

rest and relax

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16
Q

T/F: the autonomic nervous system has preganglionic and postganglionic neurons

17
Q

what are the origins of the parasympathetic preganglionic neurons

A

cranial nerves - 3, 7, 9, 10
sympathetic - S1-3

18
Q

what are the origins of the sympathetic preganglionic neurons

19
Q

in the parasympathic, preganglionic neurons are ____ while postganglionic are ____. sympathetic are the opposite

A

long; short

20
Q

T/F: all parasympathetic innervation in the neck, thorax, and abdomen is handled by the vagus nerve

21
Q

describe the location of terminal ganglia

A

within the wall of the target organ

22
Q

Name the ganglia of the sympathetic trunk (cranial to caudal)

A
  1. cranial cervical
  2. middle cervical
  3. cervicothoracic
  4. celiac
  5. cranial mesenteric
  6. caudal mesenteric
23
Q

boundaries of the abdominal cavity

A

cranial - diaphragm
dorsal - lumbar vertebrae & hypaxial mm.
ventral - abdominal wall m.
caudal - pelvic inlet

24
Q

what are the diaphragm openings? what runs through these?

A
  1. aortic hiatus - aorta, azygous v., thoracic duct
  2. esophageal hiatus - esophagus, ventral and dorsal vagal trunks
  3. caval foramen - caudal vena cava
25
what makes up the celiacomesenteric ganglia
celiac ganglia + cranial mesenteric ganglia
26
T/F: ganglia are sympathetic
TRUE
27
T/F: nerves that pass through the ganglia are parasympathetic
FALSE - both sympathetic and parasympathetic
28
what are the boundaries of the pelvic cavity
cranial - pelvic inlet caudal - trunk
29
what does the celiacomesenteric g. and pl. innervate
autonomic to foregut and midgut
30
what does the caudal mesenteric g. and pl. innervate
autonomic to hindgut
31
what meets at the pelvic plexus
hypogastric n. and pelvic n.
32
describe the genitofemoral n.
innervates scrotal structures in males and skin of inguinal region in both sexes
33
what does the pudendal nerve give rise to
1. caudal rectal n. 2. perineal n. 3. dorsal n. of penis/clitoris
34
T/F: micturition is under sympathetic, parasympathetic, and somatic control
TRUE