Lecture 36 - Autonomic Nervous System Anatomy Flashcards
what are the 4 basic functions a neuron has
- general sensory
- special sensory
- somatic motor
- autonomic
Describe a somatic motor nerve
- innervate striated muscle
- conscious and reflex control
A motor unit consists of what
somatic motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates
what muscles do the autonomic motor neurons innervate
smooth, cardiac, and glands
T/F: autonomic motor neurons are under unconscious control
TRUE
T/F: autonomic motor neurons are usually a single neuron from the spinal cord to the target structure
FALSE - that’s somatic motor neurons; there are 2 neurons in autonomic
What are the boundaries of the thoracic cavity
cranial - thoracic inlet
dorsal - thoracic vertebral column
lateral - ribs & intercostal mm.
ventral - sternum
caudal - thoracic outlet
what are the boundaries of the thoracic inlet
T1, 1st rib, 1st sternebrae
what are the boundaries of the thoracic outlet
T13, 13th rib and costal arch, 8th sternebrae, diaphragm
what innervates the diaphragm
phrenic nerve
what rib border do the intercostal nerves run down
caudal
Describe the phrenic nerves (origin and innervation)
origin: ventral branches of C5-7
innervation: diaphragm
Describe the vagus nerves (origin, subdivision, and components)
origin: vasosympathetic trunk
subdivision: recurrent laryngeal n.
components: sensory, special sensory, somatic motor, and autonomic
sympathetic is usually referred to as
fight or flight
parasympathetic is usually referred to as
rest and relax
T/F: the autonomic nervous system has preganglionic and postganglionic neurons
TRUE
what are the origins of the parasympathetic preganglionic neurons
cranial nerves - 3, 7, 9, 10
sympathetic - S1-3
what are the origins of the sympathetic preganglionic neurons
T1-L3
in the parasympathic, preganglionic neurons are ____ while postganglionic are ____. sympathetic are the opposite
long; short
T/F: all parasympathetic innervation in the neck, thorax, and abdomen is handled by the vagus nerve
TRUE
describe the location of terminal ganglia
within the wall of the target organ
Name the ganglia of the sympathetic trunk (cranial to caudal)
- cranial cervical
- middle cervical
- cervicothoracic
- celiac
- cranial mesenteric
- caudal mesenteric
boundaries of the abdominal cavity
cranial - diaphragm
dorsal - lumbar vertebrae & hypaxial mm.
ventral - abdominal wall m.
caudal - pelvic inlet
what are the diaphragm openings? what runs through these?
- aortic hiatus - aorta, azygous v., thoracic duct
- esophageal hiatus - esophagus, ventral and dorsal vagal trunks
- caval foramen - caudal vena cava
what makes up the celiacomesenteric ganglia
celiac ganglia + cranial mesenteric ganglia
T/F: ganglia are sympathetic
TRUE
T/F: nerves that pass through the ganglia are parasympathetic
FALSE - both sympathetic and parasympathetic
what are the boundaries of the pelvic cavity
cranial - pelvic inlet
caudal - trunk
what does the celiacomesenteric g. and pl. innervate
autonomic to foregut and midgut
what does the caudal mesenteric g. and pl. innervate
autonomic to hindgut
what meets at the pelvic plexus
hypogastric n. and pelvic n.
describe the genitofemoral n.
innervates scrotal structures in males and skin of inguinal region in both sexes
what does the pudendal nerve give rise to
- caudal rectal n.
- perineal n.
- dorsal n. of penis/clitoris
T/F: micturition is under sympathetic, parasympathetic, and somatic control
TRUE
