Lecture 30 - Pelvic Limb 7 Flashcards
define equine foot
epidermal hoof and all structures contained therein
what part of the horse hoof normally bears weight
tips of toes
what is the corium?
the dermal layer (sensitive) of the hoof that provides nutrition for the epidermis
what are the 5 regional coria?
- perioplic
- coronary
- laminar
- sole
- frog
list the layers of the epidermal hoof wall
- stratum externum
- stratum medium
- stratum interum
what produces the layers of the hoof wall
germinal epithelium
what layers of the hoof wall are non-pigmented
inner stratum medium
stratum interum
describe the sensitive insensitive laminar bond
the insensitive epidermal laminae (stratum interum) interdigitates with the sensitive dermal laminae (laminar corium)
where does the basement membrane fit into the laminar bonds
the basement membrane sits between the epidermal laminae and the dermal laminae
what do farriers use to guide nail placement
white lone/zone to avoid penetrating sensitive laminae
what are the white line? the white zone?
white line = non-pigmented inner stratum medium
white zone = non-pigmented inner stratum medium and stratum interum + pigmented horn
what are side bones?
ossified collateral cartilage
how fast does the hoof wall grow?
8mm/month
how long does it take a hoof defect to grow out?
9-12 months
describe the sole and frog portions of the foot
sole = formed by GE covering sole corium, no contact with ground
frog = softest epidermis, formed by GE covering frog corium, some weight bearing
what structures break down in laminitis
the interdigital bond between dermal and epidermal laminae
what is a rotator? why does it occur?
moderate loss of bond; pd pulls away from hoof wall at DIPJ due to DDFT
what is a sinker? why does it occur?
extensive loss of bond; Pd separates from the hoof wall and “sinks”, can walk out of
what are comparative ruminant and pig hoof differences?
no frog/bars, secondary laminae
bulb of the heel extends to the ground to form a digital pad
what is the hoof capsule?
the hoof wall, sole, and frog
what layer creates the external, waterproofing layer
stratum externum
coronet
junction of hair and hoof wall
T/F: the hoof has an extensive blood supply due to metabolic demands
TRUE
T/F: horse hooves only have primary laminae
FALSE
what fills the gap as epidermal laminae continues past the dermal laminae
pigmented horn produced by the germinal epithelium
what reflects stressors on normal foot physiology
growth rings
which species have wider perioplic and coronary grooves:
pig or horse
Pig
