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Form & Function 1 > Lecture 21 - MSK Neck & Back > Flashcards

Lecture 21 - MSK Neck & Back Flashcards

1
Q

what are the functions of the backbone/spine?

A
  1. support the head
  2. house spinal cord
  3. provide attachments
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2
Q

What is the vertebral formula for dogs

A

C7 T13 L7 S3 Cd20

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3
Q

Vertebral body

A

fossa in which subsequent vertebrae connect; weightbearing

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4
Q

Vertebral arch

A

the dorsal part of the vertebral canal

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4
Q

Spinous Process

A

doral most, muscle attachments

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5
Q

Transverse Process

A

lateral, muscle attachments

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6
Q

Cranial Articular Process

A

connects to the cranial vertebra

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7
Q

Caudal Articular Process

A

connects to the caudal vertebra

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8
Q

Vertebral foramen

A

central opening for the spinal cord

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9
Q

Intervertebral foramina

A

openings between each vertebra

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10
Q

what vertebra have transverse foramina

A

C1-C6

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11
Q

What is the unique anatomy of C1 (atlas)

A

dorsal and ventral arches (no body)
“Wings”

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12
Q

What is the unique anatomy of C2 (axis)

A

spine
dens

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13
Q

What is unique about the fovea on the thoracic vertebra

A

the costal and cranial fovea form joints with the ribs

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14
Q

Hemivertebra

A

improper formation

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15
Q

Block Vertebra

A

fusion of two or more vertebra

16
Q

Spondylosis Deformans

A

acquired excessive bone growth

17
Q

Atlanto-occipital

A

between the skull and C1; “yes” joint

18
Q

Atlanto-axial

A

between C1 and C2; “no” joint

19
Q

Intervertebral disc joint

A

between adjacent vertebra

20
Q

Costal joints

A

between the thoracic vertebra and ribs

21
Q

Sacroiliac joint

A

between the pelvis and sacrum

22
Q

Articular process joints

A

between adjacent cranial and caudal articular processes

23
Q

What anatomical landmarks do you look for when doing a CSF tap

A
  1. wings of atlas
  2. spinous process of axis
  3. external occipital protuberance
24
Q

Transverse ligament of the atlas

A

spans vertebral foramen and keeps dens ventral

25
Q

Atlanto-axial subluxation

A

joint misalignment; spinal cord compression

26
Q

What is the IV disc structure

A

Outer annulus fibrosis - tightly bonded lamina
inner nucleus pulposus - gelatinous cushions

27
Q

IVDD

A

degeneration of discs leading to herniation of the nucleus pulposus

28
Q

Dorsal atlantoaxial ligament

A

C1 to C2

29
Q

Nuchal ligament

A

caudal spinous process of C2 to spinous process of T1

30
Q

Supraspinous ligament

A

spinous process of T1 to Cd3

prevents abnormal separation in flexion

31
Q

epaxial

A

dorsal muscles

32
Q

hypaxial

A

ventral muscles (below transverse processes)

33
Q

Epaxial muscles

A

transversospinalis
longissimus
iliocostalis

34
Q

Hypaxial muscles

A

longus colli
longus capitis

quadratus lumborum
psoas minor
psoas major
iliacus

Form & Function 1 (66 decks)

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