Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Exam 5: Exocrine Pancreas > Flashcards

Exam 5: Exocrine Pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

What does the bile duct enter in dogs?

A

Major duodenal papilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the most important duct in dogs?

A

Accessory pancreatic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does the accessory pancreatic duct enter in dogs?

A

Minor duodenal papilla separate from bile duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the pancreatic duct in dogs

A

Less important
May not be present
Empties into major duodenal papilla separate from bile duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most important duct in cats?

A

Pancreatic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the pancreatic duct enter in cats?

A

Major duodenal papilla after joining with the common bile duct first

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the accessory pancreatic duct in cats

A

Only present in 20% of cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the functions of the exocrine pancreas?

A

Release of inactive digestive enzymes
Neutralization of gastric acid
Secretion of intrinsic factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is intrinsic factor secreted by in humans?

A

Parietal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does intrinsic factor do?

A

Facilitates B12 absorption in the distal small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens from a lack of B12?

A

Pernicious anemia in people

Diarrhea in dogs and cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does bicarbonate do?

A

Neutralizes gastric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the neutralization of gastric acid by bicarb do?

A

Intestinal mucosa protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is necessary for enzyme activity?

A

Increased pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is bicarb released by?

A

Ductal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What pancreatic safeguards protect from auto-digestion?

A

Zymogen synthesis (proteases)
Segregation into vacuoles in acinar cell
Trypsin inhibitors in cytoplasm
Sphincter at pancreatic duct

17
Q

What does the sphincter at pancreatic duct do?

A

Inhibits reflux

18
Q

What are the inactive zymogens?

A

Prozymes:

Trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen

19
Q

What is required for zymogen?

A

Activation

20
Q

What is zymogen synthesized by?

A

Ribosomes

21
Q

Where does the formation and storage of zymogen occur?

A

In vesicles (“granules”)

22
Q

Describe the process that leads to zymogen secretion

A

Stimulation of cell
Fusion of granules to plasma membrane
Release of content into glandular lumen
Secretion into duodenum

23
Q

Where does zymogen activation occue?

A

In duodenum

24
Q

Describe enterokinase

A

Brush border enzyme

Activates trypsinogen into trypsin

25
Q

What does trypsin activate?

A

Trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen

26
Q

What do trypsin inhibitors do?

A

Prevent activation or trypsin

27
Q

Where are trypsin inhibitors formed and stored?

A

In acinar cytoplasm

28
Q

What are trypsin inhibitors secreted by?

A

Acinar cells

29
Q

What is an examples of a trypsin inhibitor?

A

α-2 macroglobulin

30
Q

Describe α-2 macroglobulin

A

Synthesized in liver

Helps remove proteases from plasma

31
Q

Describe the cephalic phase of pancreatic secretion

A

Minor: 20%

Smelling, tasting, chewing

32
Q

Describe the gastric phase of pancreatic secretion

A

When food enters the stomach

Gastric distention

33
Q

Describe the intestinal phase of pancreatic secretion

A

Most important phase

Begins when food hits the small intestine

34
Q

What is the regulation of the cephalic phase of pancreatic secretion?

A

Neuronal

35
Q

Describe the process of pancreatic fluid and bicarb secretion in the cephalic phase of pancreatic secretion

A

Vagus nerve stimulates the parietal cell to secrete H+
Duodenal secretin release
Pancreatic fluid and bicarb secretion

36
Q

Describe the process of secretin secretion in the cephalic phase of pancreatic secretion

A

Vagus nerve stimulates gastrin release from antral G cells
Stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion and parietal cells to secrete H+
Secretin secretion

37
Q

What can be the result of a dog smelling food if it has pancreatitis due to the cephalic phase?

A

It may be painful

Physiology (70 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions