Diseases CPA 9

Question 1

Trichophyton rubrum;
fungi
red, raised lesions on and around the toes and soles of the feet; webbing between the toes is heavily infected;
human reservoir in toe webbing; carpeting holding infected skin cells;
use keratin as nutrient source & colonize dead layers of skin, nails, hair;
remain localized to area of infection of dermis and hypodermis
can auto-innoculate

Answer 1

Tinea Pedis Dermaphytosis

aka. athletes foot

Question 2

Brucella melitensis;
bacteria;
fluctuating fever spiking to around 40C every afternoon, chills, sweating, myalgia, weight loss;
infected via consumption of unpasteurized dairy or direct contact with animal blood, urine, placenta;
enters through breaks in mucous membranes;
may result in arthritis, splenomegaly, enlarged testes, endocarditis, meningitis, encephalitis;
zoonosis

Answer 2

Brucellosis; aka bang’s disease, malta fever, rock fever of gibraltar, fever of crete

Question 3

Trypanosoma cruzi; protozoan; swelling at site of infection, general signs and symptoms, for 4-8 weeks; intermediate asymptomatic stage for 10-20 years, then develop difficulty swallowing, constipation, CHF; central/south america; harbored by most mammals, but opossums and armadillos are main host; transmission via insect bites; prefer blood vessels around mouth, aka “kissing bug”

Answer 3

Chaga’s Disease; aka American Trypanosomiasis

Question 4

Legionella pneumophila; bacteria; common symptoms of pneumonia, inflammation of pleura, complications with GI tract, CNS, liver, kidneys, decreased pulmonary function; death in 50% of patients; cannot grow in normal lab media; invades and reproduces inside freshwater protozoa; tolerates heat and chlorination; water pipes and other domestic sources of water; elimination of bacteria is not feasible; not very virulent

Answer 4

Legionnaire’s Disease; aka legionellosis

Question 5

Staphylococcus aureus; bacteria; mild to severe forms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, appetite loss; dehydration from fluid loss; last no more than 24 hours; introduced to food during preparation and grows well at room temp, food is then consumed; common foods include processed meats, custard pastries, potato salad, ice cream; signs and symptoms triggered by endotoxins A-E; not usually inactivated by warming or reheating food

Answer 5

Bacterial Intoxication; aka food poisoning

Question 6

Anisakis simplex; helminth; usually aymptomatic; sudden violent abdominal pain; some patients feel the larvae moving around in mouth/throats after eating infected meat;

Answer 6

Anisakiasis