Crossword CPA #19 Flashcards
tissue transplant from one location on a host to another location on the same host
autograft
type of vaccine; ie. MMR or DTaP vaccines
combination vaccines
lab test; measure of cloudiness based on light reflected off of the solution
nephelometry
injected into a patient to determine in the patient has been exposed to the vaccine or vaccinated against a certain mycobacterium
tuberculin
type of vaccine; used to make more effective , cheaper, and safer vaccines
recombinant gene technology
added to inactivated vaccines to increase the effectiveness of the vaccine; can result in an allergic reaction
adjuvants
allergic reaction to animal antigens during passive immunotherapy
serum sickness
may develop when the host make antibodies to self-antigens; characterized by butterfly/wolf-like rash on face
lupus
injected during vaccination
antigen
may occur after inactivated vaccine injection due to high doses, multiple doses, or adjuvants
allergic response
lab test; primary antibody is labeled with florescent molecule
direct tag
type of immunization that enables secondary immune response; results in the formation of memory cells
active
tissue transplant that only occurs with genetically identical twins
isograft
type of vaccine; ie. vaccine against harmful component of tetanus infection
toxoid
aka type II hypersensitivity; results in hemolysis
cytotoxic
results from inhaled allergens such as mold, pollen, and products from dust mites
hay fever
can get this from poison ivy, latex, metal ions, etc., and results in blisters filled with T cells
allergic contact dermatitis
type of vaccine; antigenic ally weak and requires boosters; no contact immunity provided because injected substance cannot replicate
inactivated
universal blood receiver; does not make antibodies to A, B , or Rh
type AB+
results in difficulty in breathing due to thick, sticky mucous buildup and bronchi constriction
asthma
when the body over reacts to an antigen
immune hypersensitivity
lab test; results in a line of immune precipitation of antibody and antigen
immunodiffusion
injected during passive immunization
antibody
lab test; antibody is tagged with a fluorescent molecule so it can be easily observed under a microscope
labeled antibody
aka type III hypersensitivity; when antibody-antigen groups circulate in the body and become trapped in various areas to cause tissue damage; involves neutrophils secreting histamine
immune complex mediated
aka hives
urticaria
results from attenuated vaccinations because one immunized individual can spread immunity to others
contact immunity
results if at least 75% of the population is properly immunized in a timely fashion; reduces chances of an epidemic
herd immunity
antigens that stimulate an allergic reaction
allergens
the most common type of tissue transplant
allograft
secreted by cells in type I hypersensitivities; increases diapedesis
histamine
avoided/reduced in transplants by MHC matching and use of immunosuppressive drugs
graft rejection
disease that may occur if mom is Rh- and baby is Rh+; concern for future Rh+ pregnancies
hemolytic disease of the newborn
performed after gel electrophoresis to identify the presence of a specific protein in a sample through the use of an antibody
western blot
aka type I hypersensitivity; involves basophils and eosinophils
immediate
type of immunotherapy; next encounter of microbe fails to generate secondary immune response due to lack of memory cells formed during the first encounter
passive
theory that basically encourages the 5 second rule
hygiene hypothesis
when the body attacks itself
autoimmune disease
treated with quick epinephrin shot
anaphylactic shock
use to produce vaccines; can result in allergic reactions
chicken eggs
universal blood donor; lacks A, B, and Rh antigens
type O-
performed after gel electrophoresis to identify the presence of a specific RNA sequence through the use of a complementary probe
Northern Blot
may develop when antigen-antibody complexes get stuck in the small blood vessels of the kidneys
glomerulonephritis
ie. farmers lung, pigeon breeders lug; mushroom growers lung, librarian lung, etc.
hypersensitivity pneumonitis
lab test; allows you to quantify the amount of antibody in a sample through the use of antigen coated wells; observe color changes in various sample dilutions
ELISA
risk associated with attenuated vaccines; results in developing the disease
risidual virulence
when the body fails to provide normal protection against infection
immunodeficiency disease
injection that provides microbe antigens that can be used to generate an immune response for future exposures
immunization
ie. tissue transplant using pig heart valves
xenograft
lab test; secondary (aka anti-antibody) is labeled with fluorescent microbe
indirect tag
type of vaccine; avirulent live microbe injection
attenuated
may develop when antigen-antibody complexes get stuck in joints and destroy cartilage
rheumatoid arthritis
the study/use of antibodies and antigens
serology
aka cell mediated hypersensitivity; aka type IV hypersensitivity; involves activated T cells
delayed
amount of antibody in a blood sample; high levels of this indicate an effective vaccine
titer
lab test; observe if clumping occurs due to antigen antibody reaction
agglutination
performed after gel electrophoresis to identify presence of DNA
southern blot
lab test; measure of cloudiness based on light passing through solution
turbidity
