Diseases CPA 6

Question 1

Corynebacterium diphtheriae; gram-positive bacteria; transmitted person to person via respiratory droplets; humans are only known host; localized pain, pharyngitis, oozing of fluid in throat (pseudomembrane); most common in non-immunized individuals; death by suffocation from leather-like pseudomembrane;

dTap vaccine protects

Answer 1

Diphtheria

Question 2

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis; bacteria; headache, inflamed nasal sinuses; severe pain in ears, pain released when eardrums burst; inflamed nasal sinuses is more common in adults; pain in ears is more common in children (85%); cigarette smoke and other irritants can cause normal microbiota to become opportunistic pathogens

Answer 2

Rhinosinusitis (nasal sinuses) & Otitis Media (ears)

Question 3

Bordetella pertussis; gram-negative bacteria; transmitted via respiratory droplets, but bacteria does not last long outside body; common cold symptoms may occur in the beginning stages, after 2 weeks: severe cough, vomiting, diarrhea, choking, busted blood vessels in eyes; if O2 exchange is limited, cyanosis occurs; highly contagious; common in unimmunized children; Dtap vaccine

Answer 3

Pertussis

“whooping cough”

Question 4

Coccidioides immitis; fungi; initially resembles pneumonia or TB, mild symptoms, sever symptoms: chest pain,difficulty breathing, spitting up blood, night sweats, weight loss, pneumonia; in immunocompromised people, meningitis, emotional disturbance; can spread to bone and other tissues; transmitted via inhalation from the soil when soil is disturbed; fungi becomes pathogenic yeast at body temp; common in warm/dry summer/fall months, especially with a drought cycle

Answer 4

Coccidioidomycosis

“valley fever”

Question 5

ssRNA virus; transmitted via respiratory droplets with close person-to-person contact; high fever, SOB, body aches, can enter bloodstream/heart/kidneys

Answer 5

severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS); Coronavirus respiratory syndrome

Question 6

Streptococcal pyogenes; bacteria; pharyngitis = pharynx infected; laryngitis = larynx infected; bronchitis = bronchioles infected; scarlet fever = pyrogenic toxin, high fever, strawberry red tongue; rheumatic fever = damage to heart valves/heart muscle; transmits via respiratory droplets; common during winter

Answer 6

Streptococcal Pharyngitis/Laryngitis/Bronchitis, Scarlet Fever, Rheumatic Fever