Unit 3- Fusobacterium Flashcards
Fusobacterium
Gram neg filamentous rods, obligate anaerobe, normal flora, produce butyric acid
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Causes generalized infection in human
Fusobacterium necrophorum
Causes Lemierres necrobacillosis in human, sheep, and cattle
F necrophorum subsp necrophorum
Biotype A, virulent
F necrophorum subsp funduliforme
Biotype B, less virulent
Necrobacillosis
Calph diphtheria, liver abscess, footrot, metritis
F necrophorum Virulence Factors
Hemagglutinins, pili, outer membrane proteins, leukotoxin, LPS, hemolysin, dermonecrotoxin
F necrophorum Diagnosis
Anaerobic culture on enriched medium, blood agar or fusobacterium selective agar, IktA gene on PCR
F necrophorum Treatment
Surgical intervention followed by antibiotics
Calph Diphtheria
Ulcerative necrosis of mouth and throat in young calf
Necrotic Stomatitis
Oral form of calf diphtheria, ulceration of oral mucosa and swelling of cheek
Necrotic Laryngitis
Laryngeal form of calf diphtheria, ulceration of larynx
Calf Diphtheria Development
Eating abrasive feed, trauma to oral cavity, invasion of F necrophorum, inflammation, necrosis and ulcer
Calf Diphtheria Diagnosis
Clinical symptoms, caseous necrosis and swelling of larynx and vocal cords, bacterial culture
Liver Abscess
Caused by F necrophorum with Trueperella pyogenes in feedlot cattle
Liver Abscess Pathogenesis
High carb diets leads to rumen acidosis and increase in SCFA and lactate, F necrophorum use lactate for energy and invade portal vein, colonizing liver
Liver Abscess Clinical Signs
Reduced feed intake and weight loss
Bovine Footrot
Lameness, swelling of interdigital space, loss of apetite, foul smelling necrotic lesions in bovine hoof
Bovine Footrot Treatment
Systemic antibiotics, removal of necrotic tissue, topical antibiotic, zinc sulphate footbaths
Horse Thrush
Chronic infection of frog, foul smelling discharge, tenderness and loss of frog shape, lameness
Metritis
Inflammation of the uterus postpartum, watery red-brown uterine discharge, fever, and reduced milk production
Necrotic Rhinits
Chronic inflammation of nasal mucous membranes, necrosis of snout, foul smelling discharge, face swelling, sneezing
Dichelobacter nodosus
Gram neg rod, non motile, obligate anaerobe, footrot in sheep and goat
D nodosus Virulence Factors
Type IV fimbriae, serine proteases
Ovine Footrot Diagnosis
Sampling, anaerobic transport medium, fastidious anaerobe agar, PCR
