Unit 3- Fusobacterium

Question 1

Fusobacterium

Answer 1

Gram neg filamentous rods, obligate anaerobe, normal flora, produce butyric acid

Question 2

Fusobacterium nucleatum

Answer 2

Causes generalized infection in human

Question 3

Fusobacterium necrophorum

Answer 3

Causes Lemierres necrobacillosis in human, sheep, and cattle

Question 4

F necrophorum subsp necrophorum

Answer 4

Biotype A, virulent

Question 5

F necrophorum subsp funduliforme

Answer 5

Biotype B, less virulent

Question 6

Necrobacillosis

Answer 6

Calph diphtheria, liver abscess, footrot, metritis

Question 7

F necrophorum Virulence Factors

Answer 7

Hemagglutinins, pili, outer membrane proteins, leukotoxin, LPS, hemolysin, dermonecrotoxin

Question 8

F necrophorum Diagnosis

Answer 8

Anaerobic culture on enriched medium, blood agar or fusobacterium selective agar, IktA gene on PCR

Question 9

F necrophorum Treatment

Answer 9

Surgical intervention followed by antibiotics

Question 10

Calph Diphtheria

Answer 10

Ulcerative necrosis of mouth and throat in young calf

Question 11

Necrotic Stomatitis

Answer 11

Oral form of calf diphtheria, ulceration of oral mucosa and swelling of cheek

Question 12

Necrotic Laryngitis

Answer 12

Laryngeal form of calf diphtheria, ulceration of larynx

Question 13

Calf Diphtheria Development

Answer 13

Eating abrasive feed, trauma to oral cavity, invasion of F necrophorum, inflammation, necrosis and ulcer

Question 14

Calf Diphtheria Diagnosis

Answer 14

Clinical symptoms, caseous necrosis and swelling of larynx and vocal cords, bacterial culture

Question 15

Liver Abscess

Answer 15

Caused by F necrophorum with Trueperella pyogenes in feedlot cattle

Question 16

Liver Abscess Pathogenesis

Answer 16

High carb diets leads to rumen acidosis and increase in SCFA and lactate, F necrophorum use lactate for energy and invade portal vein, colonizing liver

Question 17

Liver Abscess Clinical Signs

Answer 17

Reduced feed intake and weight loss

Question 18

Bovine Footrot

Answer 18

Lameness, swelling of interdigital space, loss of apetite, foul smelling necrotic lesions in bovine hoof

Question 19

Bovine Footrot Treatment

Answer 19

Systemic antibiotics, removal of necrotic tissue, topical antibiotic, zinc sulphate footbaths

Question 20

Horse Thrush

Answer 20

Chronic infection of frog, foul smelling discharge, tenderness and loss of frog shape, lameness

Question 21

Metritis

Answer 21

Inflammation of the uterus postpartum, watery red-brown uterine discharge, fever, and reduced milk production

Question 22

Necrotic Rhinits

Answer 22

Chronic inflammation of nasal mucous membranes, necrosis of snout, foul smelling discharge, face swelling, sneezing

Question 23

Dichelobacter nodosus

Answer 23

Gram neg rod, non motile, obligate anaerobe, footrot in sheep and goat

Question 24

D nodosus Virulence Factors

Answer 24

Type IV fimbriae, serine proteases

Question 25

Ovine Footrot Diagnosis

Answer 25

Sampling, anaerobic transport medium, fastidious anaerobe agar, PCR