Unit 2- Waterborne Flashcards
Enterobacteriaceae
Edwardsiella and pleisomonas
Edwardsiella tarda
Facultative anaerobe, gram negative rod, motile, terrestrial and aquatic, opportunistic pathogen, zoonotic
E tarda Virulence Factors
Flagella, LPS, fimbriae, hemolysin, proteinase, T3SS, T6SS, serum resistance, capsule, and quorum sensing
E tarda Intracellular Behavior
Enters cells in vacuoles, replicates, and destroys membrane
Fish Edwardsiellosis
E tarda, E piscicida, E ictaluri, and E anguillarum cause granuloma, skin ulceration, and ascites in commercial fish
Human Edwardsiellosis
E tarda causes diarrhea and bacteremia after eating contaminated freshwater fish
Cow Typhlocolitis
E tarda causes greenish fluid, fecal material, and fibrin deposition on peritoneum, ruptures on cecum, and petechiae in colon
E. tarda Culture
MacConkey Agar
E tarda Diagnosis
Hemolytic on blood agar, pale colorless on macconkey, no growth on brilliant green, reddish black center on CLD, oxidase negative, catalase positive, agglutination test, ELISA
E tarda Treatment
Antibiotics, quarantine, and water quality in fish and natural cure, antibiotics, and debridement in humans
Pleisomonas shigelloides
Gram negative, facultative anaerobic rod, oxidase positive, motile, zoonotic
Human P shigelloides Infection
Ingestion of contaminated water and seafood, enterotoxins, LPS, hemolysin, and iron acquisition system cause watery diarrhea and bacteremia
Shigelloides Systemic Infection
Hemorrhagic congestion and ascites, decolorization of liver, air bubbles in stomach, splenomegaly
P shigelloides Diagnosis
Blood agar, colorless on MacConkey, green colonies on Hektoen enteric because no carb use, catalase, oxidase, and indole positive
P shigelloides Treamtnet
Resistant to penicillin, treatment may not be necessary
Aeromonas
Gram negative, facultative anaerobe, straight rod, normal flora of fish
Human Pathogen Aeromonas
A hydrophila is motile and mesophilic
Fish Pathogen Aeromonas
A salmonicida is non motile and psychrophilic
Aeromonas Virulence Factors
Type 1 and IV pili, flagella, exoenzymes, hemolysin, enterotoxins, T3SS, T6SS, quorum sensing, capsule and slime layer
Aeromonas hydrophila
Motile, mesophilic, cause hemorrhagic septicemia and skin lesions in fish and diarrhea and septicemia in humans
Aeromonas salmonicida
Non motiel, psychrophilic, furunculosis in salmonid fish, ulcer in goldfish
Aeromonas Diagnosis
Hemolytic, catalase positive, oxidase positive, hydrophila grows in warm temp, large colonies, and motile, salmoncida grows in cold temp, small colonies, and non motile
Aeromonas Treatment
Resistant to penicillins
Vibrio
Gram negative, facultative anaerobe, curved rod, motile, halophilic
Halophilic
Present in salty water
Vibrio cholerae
Human pathogen, cholera toxin causes watery diarrhea, dehydration, and death
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Cause of food poisoning, thermostable direct hemolysin, T3SS, T5SS, flagella, adhesin, and LPS
V parahaemolyticus Diagnosis
Grown on selective media, oxidase positive, catalase positive, non hemolytic on sheep blood, hemolytic on human wagatsuma agar, yellow colonies on mannitol salt, green on TCBS agar
Vibrio metschnikovii
Cholera in birds, hemolysin and verotoxin, hemolytic, poor growth on MacConkey, oxidase negative, catalase positive
Vibrio anguillarum
Saltwater eel and fish pathogen, skin necrosis and hemorrhagic septicemia, iron uptake, hemolysin, metalloproteases, and adhesion structures
Metalloprotease
Toxic to host cells
V anguillarum Diagnosis
Hemolytic, yellow on TCBS
