Unit 2- Haemophilus

Question 1

Haemophilus

Answer 1

Gram negative coccobacillus, weak fermenter, requires X factor or V factor from blood, obligate mucosal parasite, host specific

Question 2

Avibacterium paragallinarum

Answer 2

Haemophilus of chickens, requires V factor, nonhemolytic

Question 3

Glaesserella parasius

Answer 3

Haemophilus of pigs, requires V factor, nonhemolytic, many serotypes

Question 4

Histophilus somni

Answer 4

Haemophilus of cow and sheep, requires blood and CO2, yellow pigment, weak hemolysis, yellow colonies

Question 5

Glasser’s Disease

Answer 5

Polyserositis, immune compromised susceptible, young pigs, fibrinous inflammation of serous surfaces, purple ears

Question 6

G. parasuis Disease

Answer 6

Respiratory in older pigs, chronic pleurisy

Question 7

G parasuis Virulence

Answer 7

Capsule, lipooligosaccharide, adherence factors, membrane proteins

Question 8

Lipooligosaccharide

Answer 8

No side chains, still causes inflammation, antigenic

Question 9

Glasser’s Compromising Factors

Answer 9

Respiratory viral infection, stress, host inflammation causes disease

Question 10

G parasuis Immunity

Answer 10

Protective antibodies and humoral immunity

Question 11

G parasuis Vaccination

Answer 11

Few vaccines, maternal antibodies

Question 12

Fowl Coryza

Answer 12

Acute rhinitis due to A. paragallinarum, inflammation of turbinates and sinus, air sacculitis, chicken disease

Question 13

A paragallinarum Virulence

Answer 13

Capsule, LOS, adherence factors, membrane proteins

Question 14

A paragallinarum Vaccination

Answer 14

Bacterins to raise antibodies to cell components, antibodies only protective to one serotype

Question 15

H somni Habitat

Answer 15

Ruminant genital and respiratory, disseminates via blood due to vasculitis, feedlot disease

Question 16

H somni Disease

Answer 16

Thrombotic meningoencephalitis, pneumonia, myocarditis, abortion, arthritis, bacteremia

Question 17

H somni Biofilm

Answer 17

Biofilms are more resistant but less inflammatory

Question 18

H somni Virulence

Answer 18

LOS, antigentic epitopes change in vivo, surface decorated with sialic acid, IgG Fc receptors, inhibits phagosome-lysosome fusion, apoptosis of endothelial cells

Question 19

H somni Exotoxin

Answer 19

Cytotoxin as part of IgG binding protein A that targets endothelial cells and macrophages

Question 20

H somni Immunity

Answer 20

Antibodies should be nrmally present

Question 21

Haemophilus Host Specificity

Answer 21

Determined by adherence and iron acquisition by species specific transferrins

Question 22

Haemophilus Culture

Answer 22

Chocolate agar, require NAD besides H somni, H somni and G parasuis require CO2

Question 23

Serology

Answer 23

not usually used, can be compliment fixation test

Question 24

Haemophilus Treatment

Answer 24

Most antibiotics, AMR can occur