Unit 1- Decontamination

Question 1

Decontamination

Answer 1

Cleaning and additional steps required to eliminate risk of infection, reduction in pathogenic organism

Question 2

Disinfection

Answer 2

Elimination of most pathogenic organisms

Question 3

Sterilization

Answer 3

Elimination of all living organisms

Question 4

Moist Heat

Answer 4

Denatures proteins

Question 5

Autoclave

Answer 5

Useful for sterilization of heat stable liquids or objects

Question 6

Dry Heat

Answer 6

Slower than moist heat

Question 7

Incineration

Answer 7

Fast and expensive, eliminates pathogen contaminated materials

Question 8

UV Radiation

Answer 8

Causes dimer damage reparable by DNA polymerase

Question 9

Ionizing Radiation

Answer 9

Disrupts covalent bonds, not practical

Question 10

Liquid Filtration

Answer 10

Pore size 0.2 microns, excludes most bacteria, sterilizes heat sensitive liquids

Question 11

Air Filtration

Answer 11

HEPA filters remove most particles

Question 12

Class II Biosafety Hood

Answer 12

HEPA filtered air flows into face opening to protect user

Question 13

Alkylating Agents

Answer 13

formalin, glutaraldehyde, and ethylene oxide sterilize heat sensitive equipment

Question 14

Sonication

Answer 14

Vibrating probe lyses cells

Question 15

Cleaning

Answer 15

Removal of foreign material

Question 16

MEC

Answer 16

Minimum effective concentration of a germicide required to reach advertised microbicidal activity

Question 17

Low Level Disinfectant

Answer 17

Germicide that kills most vegetative bacteria and medium sized viruses

Question 18

Intermediate Level Disinfectant

Answer 18

Kills all microbial pathogens except spores

Question 19

High Level DIsinfectant

Answer 19

Kills all microbial pathogens except large numbers of spores

Question 20

Gradient of Microbicidal activity

Answer 20

gram positive < gram negative < acid fast < spore formers

Question 21

Alcohols

Answer 21

Denature proteins and solubilize lipids

Question 22

Most effective Ethanol concentration

Answer 22

70%

Question 23

Alkalies

Answer 23

Destroy cell walls and membranes, used on inanimate objects not sensitive to alkaline pH

Question 24

Heavy Metals

Answer 24

Poison enzyme activity by interacting with sulfhydryl groups of cysteine residues

Question 25

Halogens

Answer 25

Inactivate enzymes by oxidation

Question 26

Anionic Agents

Answer 26

Soap or fatty acid detergents

Question 27

Detergents

Answer 27

Induce reduction of surface or interfacial tension

Question 28

Cationic Agents

Answer 28

Quaternary ammonium compound detergents

Question 29

Phenolic Compounds

Answer 29

Cause membrane disruption and protein denaturation, usually mixed with soap

Question 30

Glutaraldehyde

Answer 30

High level disinfectant used in hispitals

Question 31

ortho-Phthalaldehyde

Answer 31

High level disinfectant, active against mycobacteria

Question 32

FOrmaldehyde

Answer 32

High level disinfectant, carginogenic