Unit 2- Yersinia

Question 1

Yersinia

Answer 1

Gram negative rod with bipolar staining, pestis non flagellated, others have flagella, T3SS and siderophores

Question 2

Biochemical Tests

Answer 2

Lactose nonfermenter, urease positive, coagulase positive, no gas in TSI but media becomes yellow

Question 3

Y. pestis Handling

Answer 3

Bioterrorism agent, spread by flea bites, infected meat, contact, aerosol, black plague

Question 4

Y. pestis Serotypes

Answer 4

Antigenically homogenous

Question 5

Y. enterocolitica Serotypes

Answer 5

Varying LPS (O) antigens

Question 6

Y. pseudotuberculosis Serotypes

Answer 6

Varying LPS (O) antigens

Question 7

Cold temp growth

Answer 7

Y. enterocolitica

Question 8

Habitat

Answer 8

GI track of animals and fleas, animal pathogen with zoonotic potential

Question 9

Outer Surface Structures

Answer 9

Capsule, LPS, low calcium response virulence, attachment invasin and yersinia adhesion, invasin protein A

Question 10

Low Calcium Response Virulence

Answer 10

Inhibits inflammatory cytokine excretion, neutrophil chemotaxis, and cytokine production

Question 11

Translocation between cells

Answer 11

Travels to intestinal epithelium via epithalial cells to submucosa, is phagocytosed by macrophages, reaches mesenteric lymph nodes, travels to peyer’s patch, begins forming coloneis

Question 12

Enzymes

Answer 12

Plasminogen activator protease, global stress requirement protease, coagulase, yersinia murine toxin, urease

Question 13

Plasminogen Activator

Answer 13

Causes adhesion, disseminated IV coagulation, thrombosis, infarct, black gangrene, endotoxemia, bubons

Question 14

Yersinia Murine Toxin

Answer 14

Phospholipase D, protects within fleas

Question 15

Global Stress Requirement

Answer 15

Intracytoplasmic survival in macrophage

Question 16

Toxins

Answer 16

Injected by T3SS, yersinia outer protein and yersinia stable toxin

Question 17

Yersinia Outer Protein

Answer 17

Prevent phagocytosis

Question 18

Yersinia Stable Toxin

Answer 18

Induce fluid accumulation leading to diarrhea and edema

Question 19

Iron Robbing Systems

Answer 19

Siderophores, yersiniabactin, hemin storage proteins

Question 20

Yersinia pestis Hosts

Answer 20

Sylvatic cycle between soil amoeba, flea, and rodents and domestic cycle affecting humans

Question 21

Yersinia enterocolitica Hosts

Answer 21

Affects animals, zoonotic, fecal-oral route

Question 22

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Hosts

Answer 22

Affects animals, zoonotic, fecal-oral

Question 23

Pathogenesis

Answer 23

Necorulcerative colitis, mesoncolic edema, congestion of seosal vessels

Question 24

Bubonic Plague

Answer 24

Y. pesits, pneumonic plague transmitted by coughing

Question 25

Y pestis Clinical Signs

Answer 25

Buboes, fever, headache, pneumonic cough, septic death

Question 26

Y enterocolitica Clinical Signs

Answer 26

Mesenteric lymphadentiis, terminal ileitis, acute gastoenteritis, septicemia

Question 27

Y pseudotuberculosis Signs

Answer 27

Mesenteric lymphadenitis, diarrhea, dehydration, septicemia

Question 28

Y Pestis Clinical Appearance

Answer 28

Acral gangrene of foot, petechial rash

Question 29

Diagnosis

Answer 29

Serology, PCR, lo lactose, no H2S, urease positive

Question 30

Treatment

Answer 30

Supportive care, most infections recover without antimicrobials, treat pestis immediately or others when systemic