Tutoring Review Flashcards
iron defieicny anemia size
micocytic
labs ferritin for iron defieicny anemia
low
who does iron defieicny anemia affect
toddlers drinking lots of milk (+16-24oz) and adol with menorrhagia and GI bleeding
folate or vit b12 apparence
macrocytic anemia
vasooculsive crisis
Sickle cells can then block blood flow in the vessels of limbs and organs causing vaso occlusive
crisis
life span of sickle cell
10-20 days
acute chest
common, Patients will present with a pulmonary infiltrate on
chest x‐ray as well as fever, chest pain, tachypnea, wheezing, difficulty breathing,
and low O2 saturation.
triggers for sickle cell crisis
extreme temperatures, dehydration, stress.
folic acid med for sickle cell
helps w/ DNA synthesis to increase RBC production
hydroxyurea med sickle cell
increases HgF levels (HgF competes with HgbS)
lumbar puncture
Examines cerebrospinal fluid.
Presence of malignant cells indicates central nervous system
involvement of cancer.
common s/s of brain tumor
abnormal gait, vision changes, and fatigue. N/V, morning headache leukemia
diagnosis for leukemia
blood counts, bone marrow biopsy or bone
marrow aspiration, and lumbar puncture.
leukemia bone marrow aspiration relveals
abnormal lymphoblasts and the
percentage of blasts are measured from the sample obtained
during the aspiration
wilms tumor
usually asymptomatic and it is often found by the
parent during the child’s bath
osteosarcoma most common s/s
pain swelling limp
tumor lysis syndrome
Metabolic derangements from rapid, spontaneous, or treatment-related
death of tumor cells.
Cell lysis causes a rise in serum potassium levels, serum phosphate, and uric acid
Typically peaks 24-48 h after start of treatment
Highest risk in patients with high tumor burden (big tumor = big risk)
what can be normal in children
S3 or S4
S3
S4 can indicate
CHF
s/s of increase pulmonary blood flow
Symptoms include tachypnea, tachycardia, murmur, congestive heart failure (CHF), poor weight gain, diaphoresis, edema
disease of increase pulmonary blood flow
PDA
ASD
VSD
decrease pulmonary blood flow s/s
Cyanosis, hypoxic spells, poor weight gain, polycythemia
disease of decrease blood flow
TOF
classifications of TOF
*Stenosis of the pulmonary outflow tract or valve
*Right ventricular hypertrophy
*Ventricular septal defect (V S D)
*Overriding of aorta
what does the overriding aorta and VSD allow
unoxyegnated blood to pass into systemic circualtion
TET spell
knee chest position, keep child calm, temp regulation, give O2- position decreases shunt by increasing peripheral vascular resistance
obstructive lesions s/s
diminished pulses, poor color, delayed capillary refill, decreased urine output, CHF with pulmonary edema
disease of obstructive
CoA and HLHS
use what med for obstructive lesions
PGE
s/s of CoA
blood pressure lower in legs and higher in arms
murmur for HLHS
no
mixed s/s
cyanosis, poor weight gain, pulmonary congestion
disease of mixed
TGA
TGA med
PGE
in TGA will o2 improve cyanosis
no
Kawasaki
-Acute febrile, systemic vascular inflammatory disorder that affects small and midsize arteries, including the coronary arteries
in Kawasaki monitor for
coronary artery aneursyms
s/s of Kawasaki
Symptoms include strawberry tongue, fever, cracking skin, hand and foot swelling
BP in early comp shock
normal
parkland
4mL x %TBSA x kg = 24 hour fluid
50% in 1st 8 hour, 50% in remaining
children use diaphragm to breath so
trunk burns cause impaired ventilation
5 P
Pain
Pallor
Pulse
Paresthesia
Paralysis
