Immunizations/Communicable Diseases PowerPoint

Question 1

3 things for an infection

Answer 1

agent
transport
susceptible host

Question 2

why are children and infants at high risk for infections

Answer 2

lack of immune system or immature ones

Question 3

maternal antibodies passed via placental or breast milk

Answer 3

passive immunity

Question 4

children and infants rely on what type of immunity after the passive immunity procession has worn off

Answer 4

active immunity

Question 5

herd immunity

Answer 5

resistance to the spread of a contagious disease within a population that results if a sufficiently high proportion of individuals are immune to the disease

Question 6

herd immunity percent

Answer 6

80

Question 7

when does passive immunity go away

Answer 7

2-3 mo

Question 8

mother to child through placenta or milk

Answer 8

natural passive

Question 9

occurs when lymphocytes are activated by antigens during infection

Answer 9

natural active

Question 10

dead or attenuated vaccines

Answer 10

article active

Question 11

provides instant but temporary response (antibodies are not body own is no memory is created) often used to prevent very deadly diseases
EX: tents, antitoxins, antivenom, IgG

Answer 11

artificial passive

Question 12

is passive permeant

Answer 12

no

Question 13

the microorganism is killed but will still produce an immune response
EX: poliovirus

Answer 13

inactivated

Question 14

the microorganism is still alive but weakened
EX: measles, influenza

Answer 14

live attenuated

Question 15

a toxin has been weakened but still has an effect antigen
EX: tetus, diphtheria

Answer 15

toxoid

Question 16

genetically altered organism that is used in a vaccine and will still stimulate active immunity
EX: pertussis, HPV, hepatitis B, covid

Answer 16

recombinant

Question 17

an alerted organism is combined with another substance to increase immune response
EX: HiB

Answer 17

conjugated

Question 18

why do vaccines start at 2 mo

Answer 18

that is when passive immunity goes away

Question 19

common local reactions

Answer 19

erythema pain and induration at the injection site

Question 20

common systemic reactions

Answer 20

fever fussiness irritability general malaise and anorexia

Question 21

mild allergic reaction

Answer 21

mins to hours after
rash, urticarial, wheals
observation and Benadryl

Question 22

severe allergic reaction

Answer 22

2-8 hours after
warmth, erythema, edema, petechial, or ulceration

Question 23

what must we do if there is an allergic reaction

Answer 23

document and report to company

Question 24

why might kids have an allergic reaction

Answer 24

allergic to the component like eggs or gelatin

Question 25

contraindications to vaccine administration

Answer 25

history of anaphylactic reaction to the vaccine or one of its components
moderate to severe acute illness
- can be administered with mild illness*
pregnancy or allergy to some components for specific vaccines
immunocompromised
- chemo, HIV, recovery from surgery

Question 26

what vaccines can a pregnant woman not get

Answer 26

HPV, varicella, polio, hep A

Question 27

what is included in documentation

Answer 27

vaccine information sheet be provided
informed consent before administration
date of administration
manufacture
lot number and expiration date
site and route
name and title of person administering
address of facility

Question 28

where do we give baby vaccine

Answer 28

vastus lateralis

Question 29

where would be give 12 year old

Answer 29

deltoid

Question 30

what should we check before administration

Answer 30

not expired and it was stored via manufacture guidelines

Question 31

direct transmission

Answer 31

person to person

Question 32

indirect transmission

Answer 32

fomite
vector
not person to person

Question 33

why do we immunization for chicken pox

Answer 33

response is immature

Question 34

why do we not give something for measles fever

Answer 34

low grade is good to help kill toxins
- fever decrease zinc which bacteria and virus love

Question 35

spinal fluid with bacteria

Answer 35

increase protein and decrease glucose

Question 36

spinal fluid with virus

Answer 36

normal protein and glucose

Question 37

rash appears in 3 stages
stage 1 is erythema on face chiefly on the cheeks

Answer 37

5th disease

Question 38

begins as macular rash, rapidly progressing to papule rash and then to vesicles, eventually breaking and forming crusts

Answer 38

chicek. pox

Question 39

cough occurs at night, inspiration sound like crowing

Answer 39

pertussis