Fluid & Electrolytes Book Flashcards
isotonic dehydration
fluid loss is not balanced by intake loss of water and sodium are proportinate
normal sodium
hypotonic dehydration
greater loss of sodium than water
decrease sodium
extracellular into intracellular
hypertonic dehydration
greater water loss than sodium
increase Na
intracellular into extracellular
oral rehydration used for what type is used for what type of dehydration
mild and moderate
rehydration for severe
IV and oral
what is the type of fluid used for rapid infusion
isotonic
under what age can we concentrate urine so no change in specifc gravity
2
bolus amount
20mL/kg in 30-60 min
no potassium until
voided
hypernatremia
body fluids are too concentrated
body losing more water
hypernat s/s
thirsty
decreased urine output
confusion
lethargy
seizures
hypernat treatment
hypotonic fluid
isotonic
hyponat
bodily fluids are too dilute
- gain more water than NA
- forced fluid intake
- dilution of formula
- increase swallowing in pool
- marathon running
hyponat s/s
decrease LOC
swelling of brain cell
- anorexia, N/V/H, muscule wekaness
decreased deep tendon reflexes
agition
lethargy
confusion
seizures
hyponat tx
seizures
hyperkal
intake, shift to IC to EC, decreased excretion
- blood transfusion
- cell death (crush/sickle/ chemo)
- oliguria (renal failure, hypovol, decreased aldosterone)
- addisons
- chemo/ACEI/ K sparing/ NSAIDS