GU Book Flashcards
do we have all the nephrons that we will ever have at birth
yes
when does most renal growth occur
during 5 yearsi
increase in renal size is due to
enlargement of nephrons
under 2 years old what can the kidneys not do
regulate electrolyes/fluids
infant UO
2mL/kg/hr
child UO
1mL/kg/hr
adol UO
40-80mL/hr
bladder capacity formula
age + 2 = reserve in oz
(ex: 4 yr + 2 = 6oz)
oz to mL
30mL
when can they maintain bladder control
2 years
UTI upper vs lower types
lower: cystitis and urethritis
upper: ureteritis and pyelonephritis
common cause of UTI
e coli
UTI s/s newborn
nonspecific
unexplained fever, failure to thrive, poor feeding, vomiting, strong smelling urine
UTI s/s lower infant
fever, diarrhea, irritability, foul smelling diaper, poor feeding, failure to gain wt
UTI s/s lower preschooler
hematuria, urgency, dysuria, frequency, cloudy urine, foul smelling urine, dehydration, abdominal pain
UTI s/s lower school
hematuria, urgency, dysuria, frequency, cloudy urine, foul smelling urine, dehydration, abdominal pain
suprapubic or flank pain
UTI s/s upper
high fever, chills, flank pain, CVA tenderness, moderate to severe dehydration
UTI tx
antibiotics
hydrospadias
congenital anomalies involving abdonral location of the urethral meatus
- ventral surface
- bottom
hydrospadias with kids who are having a circumsizion what happens
its delayed
hydrospadias when is it corrected
1 year
- 6-12 mo
hydrospadias stent or catheter, why?
maintain patency of the new urethram canal opening
hydrospadias what technique do we use post op
double diaper
- outer one for pee
- inner one for poop
nephrotic syndrome
alteration in kidney function 2ndary to increase glomerular basement membrane
permeability to plasma protein
nephrotic syndrome is this a specific disease
no, its a clinical state
nephrotic syndrome
- primary vs secondary
primary: no idenfeiable cause
2ndary: 2nd to something
nephrotic syndrome s/s
massive proteinuria
hypoalbumenia
hypoproteinemia
hyperlipidemia
altered immunity
hypercoag
periorbital edema when waking that resolves during the day as fluid shifts to abdominal and lower extremities
hypertension
hematuria
foamy and frothy urine
nephrotic syndrome tx
steroids
- prednisone
lasix
acute post infectious glomerulonephritis cause
GABS
acute post infectious glomerulonephritis what is it
become ill after contracting an infection of the URT or skin
glomerular damage occurs as a result of an immune complex reaction that localizes on the glomerular capillary wall
antibody and antigen complexes become lodged in the glomeruli leading to inflammation and obstruction
resulting in decrease glomerular filtration rate and vascular permeability increases and allows RBC and casts to be extorted
acute post infectious glomerulonephritis s/s
midabominal pain
irritability
fever
microscopic or gross hematuria
tea colors urine
mild periorbital edema
dependent edema
pulmonary congestion
hypertnesion
oliguria
acute post infectious glomerulonephritis BUN
increase
acute post infectious glomerulonephritis protein
decrease
acute post infectious glomerulonephritis tx
bed rest
sodium restrictions and lasix
- HTN and edema
antibiotics for original infection
