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Pediatrics > Respiratory PowerPoint > Flashcards

Respiratory PowerPoint Flashcards

1
Q

under what age is diaphragm breathing since intercostal muscles are immature

A

6 years

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2
Q

do babies automatically switch to mouth breathing

A

no

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3
Q

main issue with Peds airway

A

size
swelling is much more dangerous since it is easily occluded

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4
Q

air way size

A

4mm

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5
Q

since the children have to have more effort to move air in what does that do

A

increase respiration rate

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6
Q

growing and metabolism is higher so what does that do

A

increase O2 needs so breathe faster

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7
Q

fever or infections does what

A

increase O2 demands so increase RR

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8
Q

infants have what which leads to them to tire quickly

A

less glycogen

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9
Q

trachea of children

A

shorter

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10
Q

angle of right bronchus

A

angle is more acute

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11
Q

hyperextended neck can lead to

A

airway collapse

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12
Q

growth of alveoli age

A

8 years old

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13
Q

reiteration sites

A

intercostal
subcostal

substernal
suprasternal

supracalviualr

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14
Q

mild signs of respiratory distress

A

restless
tachypena
dyspnea
diaphoresis

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15
Q

1st retrations seen are

A

intercostal

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16
Q

2nd retractions seen are

A

substernal and subcostal

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17
Q

reiterations mean

A

O2 exchange is not good so give O2

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18
Q

simple nursing intervention for respiratory distress

A

elevate HOB

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19
Q

s/s of early decomp

A

flaring
retrations
grunting
wheezing
hypertension

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20
Q

interventions for early decomp

A

O2
cpap
elevate HOB

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21
Q

grunt is doing what

A

maintaining PEEP to prevent alveoli from collapsing

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22
Q

head bob is doing what

A

attempting to get air in

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23
Q

since kids fatigue due to decreased glycogen stores this does what

A

lead to apnea

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24
Q

resp failure/ impending arrest

A

dysnpnea
bradypnea
cyanosis
stupor
coma
CNS changes

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25
Q

what signs are tripod supracalvicular and substernal

A

emergent signs

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26
Q

what is happening in tripod position

A

opening the airway and increasing the blood supply to the trunk by decreasing flow to legs
(mastrowsers?)

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27
Q

tripod apperence

A

arms on legs learning forward
head and neck are extended
jaw thrust open forward

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28
Q

normal ABG values

A

pH: acid 7.35-7.45 alk
CO2: alk 35-45 acid
HCO3: acid 22-26 alk
PO2: 80-100

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29
Q

croup

A

upper airway illness that results in inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis and larynx swelling extends into the trachea and larynx

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30
Q

cough associated with croup

A

dog bark

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31
Q

epiglottis what to know

A

do not use a tongue blade
decrease existence by Hib vaccine
most dangerous
intubation

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32
Q

spasming leads to

A

airway obstruction

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33
Q

airway narrow sound

A

stridor

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34
Q

LTB

A

inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi.

35
Q

LTB s/s

A

early - fever
brassy seal like cough
stridor inspiratory
irritable or restless

36
Q

LTB tx

A

oral dexmentahose
nebulizer epi
O2

37
Q

LTB at home tx

A

humidity or cold hock

38
Q

RSV

A

shedding of the respiratory lining which leads to copious secretions

39
Q

why do RSV have decreased activity level

A

do not have enough O2

40
Q

why do RSV have decreased oral intake

A

can’t swallow due to secretions

41
Q

why is dehydration bad for RSV

A

leads to thicker secretions

42
Q

RSV adventiois sounds

A

wheezing
crackles

43
Q

RSV Xray

A

hyperinflation
atelectasis
inflammation

44
Q

RSV nursing considerations

A

monitor resp
suction
elevate HOB
isolation droplet and contact
monitor hydration
I & O
IV fluids

45
Q

vaccine for RSV

A

Synagis
- every month during season

46
Q

RSV season

A

oct-march

47
Q

RS treatment

A

supportive unless high risk which needs more immediate tx

48
Q

prevention for RSV

A

hand washing

49
Q

how to tell if a kid maybe feels better

A

anxiety

50
Q

cystic fibrosis needs

A

chest percussion
O2
enzyme treatment
increase fluids

51
Q

cystic fibrosis genetic inheritance

A

autosomal recessive
both parents need to have trait
1/4 kids will have it
same as sickle

52
Q

asthma

A

chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by
- wheezing
- SOB
- chest tightness
- coughing

53
Q

is asthma reversible

A

yes

54
Q

what is the precursor to asthma and why can we not diagnosis asthma

A

reactive airway disease
cannot diagnosis until mature airway ~8years old

55
Q

rules of 2 with asthma

A

use of reuse inhaler more than 2 times per week

waking up at night due to asthma more than 2 times per month

refilling rescue inhaler more than 2 times per year

56
Q

if answer yes to rule of 2 what does that mean

A

asthma is not in good control

57
Q

5-10-5 rule

A

inhale for 5 seconds
hold breath for 10 seconds
exhale through nose for10 seconds

58
Q

inhaler use education

A

use a spacer to make particles smaller to get into airways

59
Q

how to combat exercise induced asthma

A

use inhaler before

60
Q

upper airway conditions

A

croup
epiglottis

61
Q

lower airway conditions

A

bronchiolitis
pneumonia

62
Q

HFNC provides

A

PEEP

63
Q

chronic airway condiitons

A

asthma
BPD
cystic fibrosis

64
Q

3 S of asthma

A

snot squeeze swell

65
Q

patho of asthma

A

hyper responsiveness causes excess mucos formation, mucosal swelling and airway contraction

66
Q

asthma triggers

A

smoke
pets
cockroach
air pollution

67
Q

s/s of asthma

A

SOB
chest tightness
coughing
wheezing
tachypnea

68
Q

why do we increase hydration for asthma

A

thin secretions

69
Q

med class for asthma

A

SABA
LABA
anticholinergics

70
Q

SABA

A

albuterol
relax smooth muscle and promote brachial dilation

71
Q

steroids

A

take second about 5-15 mins after SABA
decreases airway inflam

72
Q

anticholinger

A

INHIBIT bronchial constriction

73
Q

adjuncts to asthma medications

A

cold air
O2
water

74
Q

BPD

A

call it that until 28 days of life and then called chronic lung disease

75
Q

BPD/chronic lung disease

A

damage to alveoli sac from O2
alveoli become larger and less vessels perfuse lungs leading to less function

76
Q

BPD risk

A

premature babies

77
Q

BPD need O2 for how long

A

28 days

78
Q

cystic fibrosis affects

A

endocrine glands
super thick mucous

79
Q

CF is missing pancreatic enzymes which are

A

lipase
amalyase
tripsin

80
Q

diagnosis for COPD

A

sweat test
- increase NA and CL

81
Q

CF treatment

A

pancreatic enzymes
fat soluble vitamins
chest percusion
postural drainage
pulmonary enzume
high protein diet
low fat

82
Q

CF stools

A

loose and mucosy

83
Q
A

Pediatrics (51 decks)

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