ENT PowerPoint Flashcards
visual acuity at newborn
20/100
20/400
binocularity age
2-4 months
when to test for color blindness
5 years
- white males
when to test for visual defects and why
7 years old since acuity is 20/20
why might newborn have difficulty with color differentiation
optic nerve is not myelinated
when will you have final eye color
6m
why are children more prone to eye injuries
eye is 3/4 size of adults, larger surface area
eye assessment Q’s for infants
does your baby follow objects
does your baby react when you are directly in front
do your babies eyes move asymmetrically
eye assessment Q’s for young children
does your child follow you with their eyes when they walk in the room
are other objects followed with ease
does your child have difficulty picking up objects
do both eyes work together
eye assessment Q’s for school age child
dies your child like to look at pictures and read
dose your child sit very close to the TV
does your child squint or rub eyes
any learning diffuculties
when can children cooperate with snellen chart
3-4
eye that deviates can develop into
lazy eye
how to fix stambious
surgical
or eye patch to strengthen weak eye
conjuntivitis
infection of the eye
conjunctivitis causes
bacterial
vital
allergic
foreign body
conjunctivitis newborn
chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes simplex, erythromycin in eye
bacterial conjunct appererence
crusting of eyelids that keeps coming back
purulent drainage
bacterial conjuct cause
staph/strep
viral conjuct apperence
serous water drainage
occurs with URI
viral conjuct med
acyclovir
allergic conjuct apperence
itchy
stringy watery drainage
cobblestone apperence
foreign body conjuct apperence
usually one eye affected
pain
conjuct precautions
contact
when can kid go back to school after bacterial conjuct
~24
more likely 48 hours of TX
what conjuct do we use oral antibiotics
foreign body
bacterial conjuct medication
fluoroqunilones
children difference of eustachian tube
shorter
wider
more horizontal
pooling of eustachian tube leads to
otitis media
auditory is fully developed at
5 months
hearing impaired child
face child when speaking
read lips
vision impaired child
explain procedures before touching
otitis media affects where
middle ear
treatment plan for otitis media
watch and wait 2-3 days
- ear drum red, bulging, inflamed antibiotics now
- ear drum pink and not inflamed, wait and see
- no resolution or improvement in 3 day period, start antibiotics
biggest indicator of otitis media
pain
otitis externa location
distal of tympanic membrane
otitis externa also called
swimmers ear
treatment for otitis externa
antibiotic ear drops
maybe steroid ear drops
s/s of otitis media
irritable
fever
decrease feeding because when you swallow the ears pop
poor sleep wake cycle
pulling ears
blood or pus on pillow
what is a risk factor for otitis media
secondhand smoke
why do we not prop bottles
pooling can cause otitis media
frequent ear infections can lead to
hearing loss
what age is child only nose breather
6 mo
why are tonsils normally large in children
they are not functioning yet because lymphatic system isn’t developed yet
why are strong mouth muscles necessary
sucking and speech development
tonsilitis
- indication for tonsillectomy
7 epi/1 year
5 epi/2 years
3epi/ 3 years
criteria for tonsilitis
sore throat
temp greater than 38.3
cervial adenopathy
tonsilar exudate
positive for GABHS
treatment following tonsillectomy
cool fluids
Tylenol (NO MOTRIN)
ice collar
gargle with salt and baking soda
how to assess for bleeding with tonsillectomy
frequent swallowing
do we give red colored foods for post op tonsillectomy
NO
mimics bleeding
when is highest risk for bleeding post op tonsils
24 hours
7-10 days due to scabs
what medication is contraindicated in tonsillectomy
codine
- can lead to deep sleep
do we ever suction tonsillectomy
NO
