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Equine and Camelid Medicine and Surgery > Tick Borne Diseases in Horses > Flashcards

Tick Borne Diseases in Horses Flashcards

1
Q

what is Borrelia burgdorferi?

A

gram negative spirochete
helical shaped

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2
Q

what is the vector of Borrelia burgdorferi?

A

Ixodes scapularis

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3
Q

what maintains the life cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi?

A

deer
white-footed mouse

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4
Q

what signs are documented with B. burgforferi in horses?

A

neuroborreliosis
uveitis
pseudolymphoma

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5
Q

what does lyme multiplex assay detect?

A

antibodies to 3 antigens

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6
Q

what does Anaplasma phagocytophilum cause?

A

necrotizing vasculitis

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7
Q

what are the common clinical signs with equine granulocytic anaplasmosis?

A

fever, anorexia, depression
limb edema

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8
Q

what can be seen on clinical pathology with equine granulocytic anaplasmosis?

A

thrombocytopenia
neutropenia
anemia
mild hypoalbuminemia
increased globulins

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9
Q

what is the etiology of equine babesiosis?

A

Babesia caballi
Theileria equi

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10
Q

how long must Ixodes scapularis be attached to transmit Borrelia burgdorferi?

A

16-24 hours

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11
Q

what are common clinical signs of lyme in other species?

A

skin rash- erythema migrans
arthritis, joint effusion, leg shifting lameness
fever
glomerulonephritis- type 3 hypersensitivity

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12
Q

what serologic tests are available for lyme?

A

lyme multiplex assay
C6 SNAP test- not validated horses

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13
Q

which Osp’s are markers of infection of lyme?

A

OspC
OspF
OspA: marker for vaccination

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14
Q

which Osp is an indicator of early infection?

A

OspC

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15
Q

what can you use to treat lyme?

A

tetracycline IV
oral minocycline
ceftiofur sodium

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16
Q

what can be seen on a blood smear with Anaplasma phagocytophilum?

A

cytoplasmic inclusions in granulocytes- neutrophilss and eosinophils

17
Q

when is Anaplasma phagocytophilum common?

A

late fall, winter, spring

18
Q

what are some differential diagnoses for equine granulocytic anaplasmosis?

A

purpura hemorrhagica
liver disease
EIA
EVA
encephalitis

19
Q

how can you treat equine granulocytic anaplasmosis?

A

supportive
normally self-limiting
IV tetracycline
oral minocycline

20
Q

what is the usual vector of equine babesiosis?

A

dermacentor spp

21
Q

what does B. caballi look like?

A

paried
oval, round, or elliptical
large

22
Q

what does Th. equi look like?

A

2-4 organisms
small
maltese cross formation

23
Q

how is equine babesiosis prevented?

A

no vaccine
restrict movement
B. caballi treated and quarantined
Th. equi denied entrance into USA
prevent introduction infected tickss

Equine and Camelid Medicine and Surgery (56 decks)

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