Equine Musculoskeletal: Conditions of the Foot Flashcards
what is a foot abscess a common cause of?
acute IV-V/VI lameness
what are the clinical signs of a foot abscess?
acute, severe lameness of one leg
increased to bounding digital pulses
typically the affected foot is warmer
+/- edema above coronary band
when can you reapply the shoe after a foot abscess?
horse should be sound
drainage should have stopped
what is the prognosis of foot abscesses?
good for simple abscesses
what agent is known to cause thrush?
Fusobacterium necrophorum
what does thrush present ass?
variable lameness
oily black drainage/exudate
atrophy/loss of normal tissue
how many limbs can white line disease affect?
1-4 limbs
what is the prognosis of white line disease?
generally good
can take 6-12 months to regrow hoof
what is a quarter crack?
full thickness fracture of hoof capsule
what do quarter cracks result in?
instability and pain
how can you treat quarter cracks?
address causative issues
debride crack
stabilize
“float” affeected heeel
patch hoof wall?
“healing” is by new growth
what causes a P3 fracture?
high-speed injury: kicking a wall, taking a bad step
how can you treat P3 fractures?
rest
NSAIDs
therapeutic shoeing
surgery
where does a canker originate?
in the frog
what does canker classically appear as?
numerous small finger-like papillae of soft off-white material
cauliflower-like
what is the prognosis of canker?
guarded
what does a keratoma result from?
proliferation of cornified tissue under hoof wall
how is keratoma treated?
hoof wall resection
removal of keratoma
+/- patch hoof wall
+/- hospital plate
how can you treat a foot abscess?
NSAIDs
+/- antibiotics
do not immediately reapply shoe
if a foot abscess breaks at the coronary band, what is there risk of?
chronic draining tract
repeated abscesses
hoof-wall crack
where is thrush commonly seen on the foot?
central and lateral sulci of the frog
what is the white line?
normal junction of insensitive lamina hoof wall and sole
what are clinical signs of white line disease?
variable lameness
variable hoof testers
cavity at white line
powdery areas at white line
rule out other issues first
should you place a cast for white line disease?
no- limits visualization and increases moisture
what can quarter cracks be secondary to?
chronic capsule distortion
coronary band injury
white line disease
how many hoofs are typically affected by quarter cracks?
one
would you need to repeat radiographs to check for a P3 fracture 7-10 days later?
maybe- wait for visibility
what is a type III P3 fracture?
crack down center
what is the prognosis of type I or II P3 fracture?
fair to good for returning to athletic soundness
worse as fracture moves closer to midline
what is a canker?
hypertrophy of the horn-producing tissues
how many limbs are affected by cankers?
usually one, can be multiple
how is canker diagnosed?
biopsy
where is a keratoma located?
between stratum medium and P3
what is the prognosis of keratoma?
80+% expected to resolve
7-10 months to return to exercise
