Equine Musculoskeletal: Conditions of the Foot Flashcards

1
Q

what is a foot abscess a common cause of?

A

acute IV-V/VI lameness

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2
Q

what are the clinical signs of a foot abscess?

A

acute, severe lameness of one leg
increased to bounding digital pulses
typically the affected foot is warmer
+/- edema above coronary band

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3
Q

when can you reapply the shoe after a foot abscess?

A

horse should be sound
drainage should have stopped

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4
Q

what is the prognosis of foot abscesses?

A

good for simple abscesses

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5
Q

what agent is known to cause thrush?

A

Fusobacterium necrophorum

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6
Q

what does thrush present ass?

A

variable lameness
oily black drainage/exudate
atrophy/loss of normal tissue

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7
Q

how many limbs can white line disease affect?

A

1-4 limbs

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8
Q

what is the prognosis of white line disease?

A

generally good
can take 6-12 months to regrow hoof

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9
Q

what is a quarter crack?

A

full thickness fracture of hoof capsule

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10
Q

what do quarter cracks result in?

A

instability and pain

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11
Q

how can you treat quarter cracks?

A

address causative issues
debride crack
stabilize
“float” affeected heeel
patch hoof wall?
“healing” is by new growth

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12
Q

what causes a P3 fracture?

A

high-speed injury: kicking a wall, taking a bad step

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13
Q

how can you treat P3 fractures?

A

rest
NSAIDs
therapeutic shoeing
surgery

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14
Q

where does a canker originate?

A

in the frog

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15
Q

what does canker classically appear as?

A

numerous small finger-like papillae of soft off-white material
cauliflower-like

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16
Q

what is the prognosis of canker?

17
Q

what does a keratoma result from?

A

proliferation of cornified tissue under hoof wall

18
Q

how is keratoma treated?

A

hoof wall resection
removal of keratoma
+/- patch hoof wall
+/- hospital plate

19
Q

how can you treat a foot abscess?

A

NSAIDs
+/- antibiotics
do not immediately reapply shoe

20
Q

if a foot abscess breaks at the coronary band, what is there risk of?

A

chronic draining tract
repeated abscesses
hoof-wall crack

21
Q

where is thrush commonly seen on the foot?

A

central and lateral sulci of the frog

22
Q

what is the white line?

A

normal junction of insensitive lamina hoof wall and sole

23
Q

what are clinical signs of white line disease?

A

variable lameness
variable hoof testers
cavity at white line
powdery areas at white line
rule out other issues first

24
Q

should you place a cast for white line disease?

A

no- limits visualization and increases moisture

25
what can quarter cracks be secondary to?
chronic capsule distortion coronary band injury white line disease
26
how many hoofs are typically affected by quarter cracks?
one
27
would you need to repeat radiographs to check for a P3 fracture 7-10 days later?
maybe- wait for visibility
28
what is a type III P3 fracture?
crack down center
29
what is the prognosis of type I or II P3 fracture?
fair to good for returning to athletic soundness worse as fracture moves closer to midline
30
what is a canker?
hypertrophy of the horn-producing tissues
31
how many limbs are affected by cankers?
usually one, can be multiple
32
how is canker diagnosed?
biopsy
33
where is a keratoma located?
between stratum medium and P3
34
what is the prognosis of keratoma?
80+% expected to resolve 7-10 months to return to exercise