theorists

Question 1

believes nurses promote balance between nursing interventions and patient participation to assist in conserving energy needed for healing

Answer 1

Levine

Question 2

perceives patients as a collection of subsystems that forms an overall behavioral system focusing on balance.

Answer 2

Johnson

Question 3

views a patient as being an open system that is in constant energy exchange with the environment that the nurse must help
cope with stressors.

Answer 3

Neuman

Question 4

views a patient as a unique personal system that is constantly interacting/transacting with other systems
that the nurse helps with goal attainment

Answer 4

King

Question 5

are broad in scope and complex and require further specification through research; it does not
provide guidance for specific nursing interventions

Answer 5

Grand theories

Question 6

details nursing interventions (meditation) for a specific phenomenon (migraine headaches) and the expected
outcome of the care

Answer 6

prescriptive theory

Question 7

tends to focus on a concept found in a specific field of nursing, such as uncertainty,
incontinence, social support, quality of life, and caring, rather than reflect on a wide variety of nursing care situations

Answer 7

middle-range theory

Question 8

do not direct specific nursing activities but help to explain patient assessment

Answer 8

Descriptive theories

Question 9

, a nurse continually assesses a patient’s ability to perform self-care and intervenes as needed to
ensure that the patients meet physical, psychological, sociological, and developmental needs

Answer 9

Orem’s theory

Question 10

focuses on culture diversity and provides culturally specific nursing care

Answer 10

Leininger’s culture care theory

Question 11

, nurses help patients reduce anxiety by

converting it into constructive actions, using therapeutic communication

Answer 11

Peplau

Question 12

is a patient’s environment can

be manipulated by nurses to restore a patient to health.

Answer 12

Nightingale’s grand theory

Question 13

human growth and development is an orderly predictive process that begins with conception and
continues through death

Answer 13

developmental theory

Question 14

describe how humans respond to threats by adapting in order to maintain function and life.

Answer 14

Stress/adaptation theories

Question 15

explain the teaching-learning process by examining behavioral, cognitive, and adult-learning
principles

Answer 15

Educational theories

Question 16

explain human responses within the physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental,
and spiritual domains.

Answer 16

Psychosocial theories

Question 17

focuses on helping the patient with activities that the patient would perform unaided if he or she were able
s nursing as assisting the patient with 14 activities (hygiene, positioning) until patients can meet these needs for themselves—or assist patients to have a peaceful death

Answer 17

Henderson’s theory

Question 18

model is to help the person adapt to changes in physiological needs, self-concept, role function, and interdependence domains.

Answer 18

Roy’s

Question 19

CARING believes that the purpose of nursing action is to
understand the interrelationship between health, illness, and human behavior rather than focus disease
transpersonal relationship= pt healing
nurse promoting and restoring health and preventing illness

Answer 19

Watson’s theory

Question 20

simply define a particular concept, much like what can be found in a dictionary, based on the theorist’s perspective (a mood disorder causing severe sadness and apathy)

Answer 20

Theoretical or conceptual definitions

Question 21

is a pattern of beliefs used to describe a discipline’s domain

Answer 21

paradigm

Question 22

as ideas and mental images, like depression is a concept

Answer 22

concepts