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Mental status > ch 32 Complementary Therapies and Integrative Health > Flashcards

ch 32 Complementary Therapies and Integrative Health Flashcards

1
Q

(conventional Western medicine) is quite effective in treating numerous physical ailments (e.g., bacterial infections, structural abnormalities, and acute emergencies), it is generally less effective in decreasing stress-induced illnesses, managing symptoms of chronic disease, caring for the emotional and spiritual needs of individuals, and improving quality of life and general well-being.

A

allopathic or biomedicine

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2
Q

therapies used together with conventional treatment recommended by a person’s health care provider.

A

Complementary therapies

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3
Q

include relaxation; exercise; massage; reflexology; prayer; biofeedback; hypnotherapy; creative therapies, including art, music, or dance therapy; meditation; chiropractic 677therapy; and herbs/supplements

A

Complementary therapies

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4
Q

describe interventions used in this fashion, particularly by licensed health care providers

A

integrative therapies

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5
Q

nonpharmacologic therapies such as exercise, chiropractic, and herb supplements are used in place of conventional pharmacologic or other medical procedures

A

alternative therapies

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6
Q

used to supplement dietary/nutritional intake by mouth; contain one or more dietary ingredients, including vitamins, minerals, herbs, or other botanical products

A 
Dietary supplements (
Complementary Therapies)
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7
Q

Plant-based therapies used in whole systems of medicine or as individual preparations by allopathic providers and consumers for specific symptoms or issues

A 
Herbal medicines(
Complementary Therapies)
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8
Q

Predominantly a vegan diet (no animal products except fish); initially used in the management of a variety of cancers; emphasis placed on whole cereal grains, vegetables, and unprocessed foods

A 
Macrobiotic diet(
Complementary Therapies)
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9
Q

Fungi-based (mushroom) products

A

Mycotherapies(

Complementary Therapies)

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10
Q

Increased intake of nutrients such as vitamin C and beta-carotene; treats cancer, schizophrenia, autism, and certain chronic diseases such as hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease

A

Orthomolecular medicine (megavitamin)/ Complementary Therapies)

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11
Q

Live microorganisms (in most cases, bacteria) that are similar to beneficial microorganisms found in the human gastrointestinal system; also called good bacteria

A

Probiotics/ Complementary Therapies)

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12
Q

Dietary program that requires eating protein, carbohydrate, and fat in a 30:40:30 ratio—30% of calories from protein, 40% from carbohydrate, and 30% from fat; used to balance insulin and other hormones for optimal health

A

The “Zone”/Complementary Therapies)

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13
Q

Traditional Chinese method of producing analgesia or altering the function of a body system by inserting thin needles along a series of lines or channels, called meridians; direct needle manipulation of energetic meridians influences deeper internal organs by redirecting qi

A

Acupuncture/ Energy Therapies

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14
Q

Biofield therapy; uses gentle touch directly on or close to body to influence and support the human energy system and bring balance to the whole body (physical, spiritual, emotional, and mental); a formal educational and certification system provides credentials for practitioners

A

Healing touch/ Energy Therapies

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15
Q

Biofield therapy derived from ancient Buddhist rituals; practitioner places hands on or above a body area and transfers “universal life energy,” providing strength, harmony, and balance to treat a patient’s health disturbances

A

Reiki therapy/ Energy Therapies

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16
Q

Biofield therapy involving direction of a practitioner’s balanced energies in an intentional manner toward those of a patient; practitioner’s hands lay on or close to a patient’s body

A

Therapeutic touch/ Energy Therapies

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17
Q

Bioelectromagnetic therapy; devices (magnets) applied to the body surface, producing a measurable magnetic field; used primarily to alleviate pain associated with musculoskeletal injuries or disorders

A

Magnet therapy/ Energy Therapies

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18
Q

Applying digital pressure in a specified way on designated points on the body to relieve pain, produce analgesia(inability to feel pain), or regulate a body function

A

Acupressure/ Manipulative and Body-Based Methods

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19
Q

Manipulating the spinal column; includes physiotherapy and diet therapy

A

Chiropractic medicine/ Manipulative and Body-Based Methods

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20
Q

Assessing the craniosacral motion for rate, amplitude, symmetry, and quality and attuning/aligning the spinal column, cerebrospinal fluid, and rhythmic processes, releasing restrictions or abnormal barriers to motion

A

Craniosacral therapy/ Manipulative and Body-Based Methods

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21
Q

Manipulating soft tissue through stroking, rubbing, or kneading to increase circulation, improve muscle tone, and provide relaxation

A

Massage therapy/ Manipulative and Body-Based Methods

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22
Q

Touching the patient in appropriate and gentle ways to make connection, display acceptance, and give appreciation

A

Simple touch/ Manipulative and Body-Based Methods

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23
Q

Use of art to reconcile emotional conflicts, foster self-awareness, and express patients’ unspoken and frequently unconscious concerns about their disease

A

Art therapy/Mind-Body Interventions

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24
Q

Process providing a person with visual or auditory information about autonomic physiological functions of the body such as muscle tension, skin temperature, and brain wave activity through the use of instruments

A

Biofeedback//Mind-Body Interventions

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25
Q

Using a variety of breathing patterns to relax, invigorate, or open emotional channels

A

Breathwork/Mind-Body Interventions

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26
Q

Concentrating on an image or series of images to treat pathological conditions

A

Guided imagery/Mind-Body Interventions

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27
Q

Self-directed practice for relaxing the body and calming the mind using focused rhythmic breathing

A

Meditation/Mind-Body Interventions

28
Q

Using music to address physical, psychological, cognitive, and social needs of individuals with disabilities and illnesses; improves physical movement and/or communication, develops emotional expression, evokes memories, and distracts people who are in pain

A

Music therapy//Mind-Body Interventions

29
Q

Incorporating breath, movement, and meditation to cleanse, strengthen, and circulate vital life energy and blood; stimulate the immune system; and maintain external and internal balance

A

Tai chi//Mind-Body Interventions

30
Q

Focuses on body musculature, posture, breathing mechanisms, and consciousness; goal is attainment of physical and mental well-being through mastery of body achieved through exercise, holding of postures, proper breathing, and meditation

A

Yoga/Mind-Body Interventions

31
Q

Intimate and powerful medium because it is a direct expression of the mind and body; treats persons with social, emotional, cognitive, or physical problems

A

Dance therapy/Movement Therapies

32
Q

A complementary therapy based on establishment of good self-image through awareness and correction of body movements; integrates the understanding of the physics of body movement patterns with an awareness of the way people learn to move, behave, and interact

A

Feldenkrais method/ Movement Therapies

33
Q

Method of body movement used to strengthen, lengthen, and improve the voluntary control of muscles and muscle groups, especially those used for posture and core strengthening; awareness of breathing and precise movements are integral components

A

Pilates/ Movement Therapies

34
Q

One of the oldest systems of medicine, practiced in India since the first century AD. There are eight branches of Ayurvedic medicine, including internal medicine; surgery; treatment of head and neck disease; gynecology, obstetrics, and pediatrics; toxicology; psychiatry; elder care and rejuvenation; and sexual vitality. Treatments balance the doshas using a combination of dietary and lifestyle changes, herbal remedies and purgatives, massage, meditation, and exercise.

A

Ayurvedic medicine/Whole Medical Systems
(Complete systems of theory and practice that have evolved independently from or parallel to conventional biomedicine)/ type of complementary/ alternative medicine

35
Q

Developed in Germany and practiced in the United States since the mid-1800s. It is a system of medical treatments based on the theory that certain diseases can be cured by giving small, highly diluted doses of substances that in a healthy person would produce symptoms like those of the disease. Prescribed substances called remedies are made from naturally occurring plant, animal, or mineral substances and are used to stimulate the vital force of the body so that it can heal itself.

A

Homeopathic medicine/Whole Medical Systems
(Complete systems of theory and practice that have evolved independently from or parallel to conventional biomedicine)/ type of complementary/ alternative medicine

36
Q

Curanderismo is a Latin American traditional healing system that includes a humoral model for classifying food, activity, drugs, and illnesses and a series of folk illnesses. The goal is to create a balance between the patient and his or her environment, thereby sustaining health

A

Latin American traditional healing
/Whole Medical Systems
(Complete systems of theory and practice that have evolved independently from or parallel to conventional biomedicine)/ type of complementary/ alternative medicine

37
Q

Tribal traditions are individualistic, but similarities across traditions include the use of sweating and purging, herbal remedies, and ceremonies in which a shaman (a spiritual healer) makes contact with spirits to ask their direction in bringing healing to people to promote wholeness and healing.

A

Native American traditional healing
/Whole Medical Systems
(Complete systems of theory and practice that have evolved independently from or parallel to conventional biomedicine)/ type of complementary/ alternative medicine

38
Q

A system of therapeutics focused on treating the whole person and promoting health and well-being rather than an individual disease. Therapeutics include herbal medicine, nutritional supplementation, physical medicine, homeopathy, lifestyle counseling, and mind-body therapies with an orientation toward assisting the person’s internal capacity for self-healing (vitalism)

A

Naturopathic medicine
/Whole Medical Systems
(Complete systems of theory and practice that have evolved independently from or parallel to conventional biomedicine)/ type of complementary/ alternative medicine

39
Q

An ancient healing tradition identified in the first century AD focused on balancing yin/yang energies. It is a set of systematic techniques and methods, including acupuncture, herbal medicines, massage, acupressure, moxibustion (use of heat from burning herbs), qi gong (balancing energy flow through body movement), cupping, and massage. Fundamental concepts are from Taoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism.

A

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)
/Whole Medical Systems
(Complete systems of theory and practice that have evolved independently from or parallel to conventional biomedicine)/ type of complementary/ alternative medicine

40
Q

emphasizes the importance of the relationship between practitioner and patient; focuses on the whole person; is informed by evidence; and makes use of appropriate therapeutic approaches, health care professionals, and disciplines to achieve optimal health

A

integrative health care

41
Q

defined as “a way of being-knowing-doing that advances the health and well-being of persons, families, and communities through caring-healing relationships

A

integrative nursing

42
Q

(1) the history of each therapy (many have been used by cultures for thousands of years to support health and ameliorate suffering);
(2) nursing’s history and experience with a particular therapy;
(3) other forms of evidence reporting outcomes and safety data, including case study and qualitative research;
(4) the cultural influences and context for certain patient populations.

A

risk and benefits of each intervention and consider the following when recommending complementary therapies

43
Q

Focusing (the ability to identify, differentiate, maintain attention on, and return attention to simple stimuli for an extended period)
• Passivity (the ability to stop unnecessary goal-directed and analytic activity)
• Receptivity (the ability to tolerate and accept experiences that are uncertain, unfamiliar, or paradoxical)

A

Cognitive skills include

Relaxation

44
Q

Skin disorders, including burns, inflammation and acute injuries (used topically)
Acceleration of wound healing
potential drug interaction:Furosemide (Lasix) and loop diuretics

A

Aloe (safe, effective herbs)

45
Q

GI ulcerations, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (taken orally)
Unknown mechanism, although there is a known laxative effect
potential drug interaction: enhance the effects of laxatives when taken orally

A

Aloe (safe, effective herbs)

46
Q

Inflammatory diseases of GI and upper respiratory tracts

Antiinflammatory

A

Chamomile(safe, effective herbs)

47
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder
Calming agent
potential drug interaction:
Drugs that cause drowsiness (alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, narcotics, antidepressants)

A

Chamomile(safe, effective herbs)

48
Q

Upper respiratory tract infections
Stimulant of immune system
potential drug interaction: Anti-rejection and other drugs that weaken immune system
May interact with antiretrovirals and other drugs used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS

A

Echinacea(safe, effective herbs)

49
Q

Wound healing- Antiinflammatory

potential drug interaction: Warfarin and other anticoagulants

A

Feverfew(safe, effective herbs)

50
Q

Arthritis
Inhibition of serotonin and prostaglandins
potential drug interaction: Aspirin and ibuprofen

A

Feverfew(safe, effective herbs)

51
Q

Elevated cholesterol levels
effect:Inhibition of platelet aggregation
potential drug int: Warfarin (anticoagulant/treats thrombosis) and blood thinners

A

Garlic(safe, effective herbs)

52
Q

Hypertension

potential drug int: Saquinavir and other anti-HIV drugs

A

Garlic(safe, effective herbs)

53
Q

Nausea and vomiting
effect: Antiemetic (prevent vomit)
potential drug interaction: Warfarin and anticoagulants
Aspirin and NSAIDs(relieve pain, reduce inflammation, bring down temp)

A

Ginger(safe, effective herbs)

54
Q

Alzheimer’s disease and dementia
effect: Memory improvement,
potential drug interaction:Warfarin and anticoagulants
Aspirin and NSAIDs

A

Ginkgo biloba(safe, effective herbs)

55
Q

Age-related diseases
effect:Increased physical endurance, improved immune function
potential drug int: Warfarin and anticoagulants
Aspirin and NSAIDs,
MAO inhibitors(anti-depressants, panic disorder, social phobia)

A

Ginseng (safe, effective herbs)

56
Q

GI disorders, including gastric ulcers and hepatitis C
potential drug interaction: Corticosteroids (treat inflammation) and other immunosuppressive drugs
Digoxin
Antihypertensive drugs

A

Licorice(safe, effective herbs)

57
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia
effect:Prevention of conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (needed for prostate cell multiplication)
potential drug inter: Finasteride (urinary retention med) and antiandrogen drugs

A

Saw palmetto(safe, effective herbs)

58
Q

Chronic pelvic pain

A

Saw palmetto(safe, effective herbs)

59
Q

Sleep disorders, mild anxiety and restlessness
effect: Central nervous system depression
potential drug int: Barbiturates and other sleep medications
Alcohol
Antihistamines

A

Valerian(safe, effective herbs)

60
Q

Fever
Digestive aid
(kidney damage and seizures with oral preparations)

A

Calamus (Indian type most toxic)/

Unsafe Herbs

61
Q

Anticancer
Used for bronchitis in traditional healing systems (Native American and Hispanic folk medicine)
Found in “natural” weight-loss products
problem: induces severe liver toxicity in some cases
Severe uterine contractions

A

Chaparral/Unsafe Herbs

62
Q

Antitussive (relive cough)
problem:Contains carcinogenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids
Hepatotoxic (damage liver)

A

Coltsfoot/Unsafe Herbs

63
Q

Wound healing and acute injuries
Used for antiinflammatory effects in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
problem: Contains carcinogenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids
May induce venoocclusive disease
Hepatotoxic

A

Comfrey/ Unsafe Herbs

64
Q 
Central nervous system stimulant
Bronchodilator
Cardiac stimulation
Weight loss
problem: Unsafe for people with hypertension, diabetes, or thyroid disease
Avoid consumption with caffeine
A

Ephedra (ma huang)/ Unsafe Herbs

65
Q

Menstrual flow stimulant

problem: Hepatotoxic

A

Life root/ Unsafe Herbs

66
Q

Antirheumatic (slow down progression in rheumatoid arthiritis)
Anticancer
problem: Do not use with children, but many websites state that it is safe with observation and monitoring and proper dosing; often used with folk remedies and in Native American healing

A

Pokeweed/ Unsafe Herbs

Mental status (69 decks)

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