chapter 28 infection

Question 1

swelling, redness, heat, pain or tenderness, and loss of function in the affected body part indicate?

Answer 1

Signs of localized inflammation

Question 2

fever, malaise, and

anorexia, as well as enlarged lymph nodes and increased white blood cells indicate?

Answer 2

Systemic signs of inflammation

Question 3

Chest pain, shortness of breath, and nausea and

vomiting are signs and symptoms of a

Answer 3

cardiac alteration.

Question 4

Dizziness and disorientation to time, date, and place may indicate a

Answer 4

neurological alteration

Question 5

Turning, coughing, and deep breathing are utilized for postoperative patients and for immobilized
patients to help prevent an infectious process such as
fever, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and malaise; be alert for changes in the patient’s level of activity and responsiveness.

Answer 5

pneumonia (systemic infection symptoms)

Question 6

Resting the affected injured area, using
ice as ordered, wrapping the area to provide support—particularly if it is an extremity—and elevating the injured area will help to
decrease swelling or edema

Answer 6

reduce localized inflammation

Question 7

Salmonella, Clostridium tetani, and

Aspergillus

Answer 7

exogenous infection

Question 8

occurs when part of the patient’s flora becomes altered and an overgrowth results (e.g., staphylococci,
enterococci, yeasts, and streptococci).

Answer 8

Endogenous infection (occurs when broad-spectrum antibiotics)

Question 9

develops when broad-spectrum antibiotics eliminate a wide range of normal flora organisms, not just those
causing infection.

Answer 9

suprainfection

Question 10

to insert a urinary catheter would place the patient at risk for a health care–associatedinfection. Urinary catheters need to be inserted using ? technique, which is also referred to as surgical asepsis, also suctioning

Answer 10

medical asepsis, aka sterile technique

Question 11

diseases that are transmitted by large droplets.

Answer 11

Droplet precautions

Question 12

apply to contact with blood, body fluid, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes of all patients

Answer 12

Standard precautions

Question 13

precautions apply to individuals with infections that can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact.

Answer 13

contact

Question 14

contact only need gown and mask

same equipment utilised for that pt

Answer 14

C. difficile

Question 15

airborne (droplet)
private negative–air pressure room
gloves, gown, and eyewear.
transmitted by droplets requiring airborne precautions

Answer 15

Tuberculosis

Question 16

contact

Answer 16

MRSA

Question 17

is not a communicable disease—a disease that is transmitted directly from one individual to the
next, so there is no need for isolation

Answer 17

Pneumonia

Question 18

most commonly transmitted by contaminated needles

Answer 18

hepatitis B and C

Question 19

spread by droplets when one is within 3 feet of the patient.

Answer 19

Diphtheria

Question 20

removal the personal protective equipment, beginning with the first step

Answer 20

remove gloves, remove eyewear, remove gown, remove mask, perform hand hygiene, leave room and close
doors, and dispose of all contaminated supplies and equipment in a manner that prevents the spread of microorganisms

Question 21

infection chain order

Answer 21

infectious agenta, reservoir and portal of exit, a mode of

transmission, a portal of entry, and a susceptible host.

Question 22

a specialized room with positive airflow.
The airflow rate is set at greater than 12 air
exchanges/hour, and all air is filtered through a HEPA filter
Take the opportunity to listen to a patient’s concerns or interests. Open drapes or shades a

Answer 22

protective environment (transplant or genetic therapy pt)

Question 23

determine the risk of infection

Answer 23

handwashing, risk of infection, recent travel, and signs and symptoms of infection is important in evaluating the
patient’s knowledge based on infection control strategies