chapter 29 vital signs Flashcards
what’s Pyrexia
need 02
fever
cellular metabolism increases, and oxygen consumption rises
During a fever,
produces angina
Myocardial hypoxia
produces confusion
Cerebral hypoxia
require patient cooperation and are not recommended for patients with a history of seizures. trauma, history of epilepsy, or shaking chills
Oral temperatures
temperatures need long measurement times and continuous positioning. is affected by exposure to the environment, including time to
place the thermometer.
Axillary
is easily accessible, requires minimal patient repositioning, and often can be used without disturbing the
patient.
tympanic route
skin moisture such as
diaphoresis or sweating.
temporal
infants pulse assessed
brachial or apical pulse
Abnormal potassium levels can cause
dysrhythmias
determines blood viscosity
hematocrit, or the percentage of red blood cells in the blood,
determine the
causative agent of an infection
Blood cultures
Oxygen must be used cautiously in pt with
chronic lungdisease
what kind pulse does Negative chronotropic drugs such as digitalis, beta-adrenergic agents, and calcium channel blockers
low
nonadhesive sensor is best for
latex allergy
Select forehead, ear or bridge of nose if an adult patient has a history of
peripheral vascular disease
Normal hemoglobin levels range from
14 to 18 g/100 mL in males and from 12 to 16 g/100 mL in females.
vitals for kids
Blood pressure of 98/50 is normal for a child, whereas 115/70 can be normal for an infant
affect smoking and caffeine
Smoking results in vasoconstriction, a narrowing of blood vessels. BP rises when a person smokes and returns to baseline about 15 to 20 minutes after stopping smoking. Caffeine increases BP for up to 3 hours. Be sure that patient has not ingested caffeine or
smoked 20 to 30 minutes before BP measurement.
range pulse for kids
normal rate for an infant is 120 to 160 beats/min.
The normal rate for a toddler is between 90 and 140 beats/min;
Older adults
have poor vasomotor control, reduced amounts of subcutaneous tissue, reduced sweat gland activity,
and reduced metabolism. The end result is lowered body temperature.
normal temp (95° to 97° F)
is especially beneficial when used in premature infants, newborns, and children because there is
no risk of injury to the patient or nurse.
temporal artery thermometer
toddler’s respiratory range is. A
minute.
25 to 32 breaths/min
child should breathe
20 to 30 times
