Ch 8 caring for pts with chronic illness potter

Question 1

the physical, psychosocial, and economic aspects of a patient and family’s life.

Answer 1

Chronic diseases affect

Question 2

is a pathophysiologic condition that lasts more than 1 year, requires ongoing medical care, and often limits a person’s usual activities of daily living due to symptoms of the disease or self-care activities required to manage the disease

Answer 2

chronic disease

Question 3

a patient and family’s subjective experience of and response to a chronic disease

Answer 3

Chronic illness refers to

Question 4

Autosomal genetic disorders occur when there is a genetic mutation or abnormality in inherited genetic material.

Answer 4

genetic mutation

Question 5

autosomal dominant disorders and autosomal recessive disorders.

Answer 5

genetic mutation disorders fall into two categories:

Question 6

such as Huntington’s chorea, familial hypercholesterolemia, and neurofibromatosis occur when a person has one parent with the dominant genetic disorder or a new mutation in a gene occurs

Answer 6

Autosomal dominant disorders (genetic mutation disorder)

Question 7

such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia occur most commonly when both parents are carriers of the recessive genetic disorder

Answer 7

Autosomal recessive disorders

Question 8

, a combination of genetic factors, environmental elements, and lifestyle choices increase the risk for the development of most chronic illnesses

Answer 8

Multifactorial inheritance

Question 9

why a person who carries genetic material for developing a chronic illness may or may not eventually be diagnosed with the disease

Answer 9

Multifactorial inheritance explains

Question 10

a multigenerational examination for patterns of the same disease, the age of onset of the disease, and generational frequency of the disorder

Answer 10

in examining a family disease history, important factors to consider include

Question 11

clarify the risk of disease development based on family history, answer questions about the process, recommend screening tests for the disorder if necessary, discuss available genetic testing, and recommend lifestyle changes that may decrease the risk of developing the disease

Answer 11

Genetic counselors

Question 12

the genetic mutation exists in a woman’s DNA, placing her at an increased risk for developing one of these cancers.

Answer 12

A positive screen for the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genetic mutation indicates

Question 13

provides a framework to guide patient care

Answer 13

Chronic Care Model

Question 14

prevention, early detection and helping patients identify effective strategies to manage their chronic illnesses.

Answer 14

nursing role in caring for people with chronic diseases

encompasses

Question 15

is among the most frequent and distressing complaints of people with a chronic illness

Answer 15

Fatigue

Question 16

is one of the more common hereditary cancer syndromes and because early detection improves survival, genetic screening for this type of colon cancer should be offered to first-degree family members to inform them of the potential risk of developing this cancer.

Answer 16

Lynch syndrome

Question 17

endometrial, ovarian, small bowel, pancreatic, prostate, urinary tract, liver, kidney, and bile duct cancers

Answer 17

Other cancers linked with Lynch syndrome include

Question 18

lead poisoning, prenatal mercury exposure, childhood cancer, asthma, intellectual disability, autism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Answer 18

exposure to toxic elements within the environment increases the risk for chronic disease.

Question 19

(e.g., smoking cigarettes, exposure to secondhand smoke, poor nutrition, and excessive alcohol consumption)

Answer 19

The most common modifiable risk factors are lifestyle choices or risk behaviors that contribute to the development of chronic illness

Question 20

being active, planning and prioritizing, reducing stress, goal setting, and seeking knowledge and help.

Answer 20

Self-management strategies include

Question 21

school attendance as well as their social engagement with other children, thus putting children with chronic illnesses at greater risk for failing to reach their potential at school. Some children with chronic illnesses experience poorer relationships with their teachers and are at a higher risk of having to repeat grades and achieving lower levels of educational success .

Answer 21

Serious chronic illnesses in children often have a negative effect on

Question 22

missing more days of school and experiencing changes in their interactions with their peers and teachers

Answer 22

The siblings of these children often have similar experience (of child w/ chronic illness)

Question 23

provides a framework to guide health care delivery for patients living with chronic illnesses.

Answer 23

Chronic Care Model

Question 24

1. Health system
2. Delivery system design
3. Decision support
4. Clinical information systems
5. Self-management support
6. Community

Answer 24

There are six essential elements of the Chronic Care Model

Question 25

Needs to constantly attempt to improve the management of chronic illnesses and focus on safety and quality of care.

Answer 25

Health system: (1 of 6 elements of chronic care model)

Question 26

Uses evidence-based care that is patient-centered, preventive in nature, and occurs in a variety of acute, outpatient, and community settings.

Answer 26

Delivery system design: (2 of 6 elements of chronic care model)

Question 27

Used by health care providers to implement evidence-based guidelines, guide patient education, and encourage patients to participate in their care.

Answer 27

Decision support: (3 of 6 elements of chronic care model)

Question 28

Maintain and share patient health information among providers and patients to ensure effective communication and quality patient care.

Answer 28

Clinical information systems: (4 of 6 elements of chronic care model)

Question 29

Places the patient in the center of disease management. Self-management support requires providers to collaborate with patients, which ultimately empowers patients to take responsibility for and manage their chronic diseases.

Answer 29

Self-management support:(5 of 6 elements of chronic care model)

Question 30

Help develop partnerships to enhance the effectiveness of chronic disease management programs. Community partnerships between health systems and local, state, and national agencies help fill in the gaps that exist in different services and improve patient care.

Answer 30

Community: (6 of 6 elements of chronic care model)

Question 31

t from the model for improving patient outcomes

Answer 31

self-management support was the most effective elemen

Question 32

depends on the number and type of chronic illnesses, the severity and duration of the chronic illness, and the complexity of a treatment plan

Answer 32

Adherence

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assesses the level of adherence to treatment recommendations in chronically ill adults

Answer 33

Adherence in Chronic Diseases Scale (ACDS)

Question 34

is a 10-item screening tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to assess alcohol consumption, drinking behaviors, and alcohol-related problems

Answer 34

The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)

Question 35

• Assess: Determine a patient’s beliefs, behaviors, knowledge.
• Advise: Provide specific information regarding health risks and the benefits of changing behaviors.
• Agree: Collaborate with the patient to set realistic goals.
• Assist: Help the patient identify barriers, strategies, problem-solving skills, and available support.
• Arrange: Determine a follow-up plan such as return visits, phone calls, and text messages.

Answer 35

One model that supports patients in self-managing their chronic disease is the Five As

Question 36

provide evidence-based interventions to help patients with chronic diseases manage their illness and its related symptoms.

Answer 36

Self-management education (SME) programs