The People's Health: Modern era- living conditions.

Question 1

housing: when was the first housing act?

Answer 1

1909.

Question 2

housing: what did the 1909 housing act implement?

Answer 2

banned the building of new back-to-back houses.

Question 3

housing: when was the second housing act?

Answer 3

1919.

Question 4

housing: what did the 1919 housing act implement?

Answer 4

local councils built 250,000 council houses funded by taxation.
had to meet standards for space, water supply and drainage.

Question 5

housing: when was the third housing act?

Answer 5

1930.

Question 6

housing: what did the 1930 housing act implement?

Answer 6

forced private landlords to sell slum housing to local councils.
councils cleared the slums and built new homes on the land.
by 1939 over 240,000 slum houses had been cleared and 700,000 new homes built.

Question 7

housing: when was the last housing act?

Answer 7

1945 and onwards.

Question 8

housing: what did the 1945 and onwards housing acts implement?

Answer 8

almost half a million slum houses cleared.
4,500 tower blocks had been built by 1980.
by the 1980’s almost all homes had proper heating, water and sanitation.

Question 9

housing: in 1900’s many of Britain’s poorest families were still living where?

Answer 9

unhealthy back-to-back houses owned by private landlords.

Question 10

housing: during ww1 prime minister……………said that housing was a ……………..and promised to build……………….

Answer 10

David Lloyd George.
major problems.
homes fit for hero’s.

Question 11

housing: what did the 1919 act ordered local councils to do and what did this mean although what still remained?

Answer 11

to build council houses.
councils were landlords.
worst slums.

Question 12

housing: extensive bombing during ww2 destroyed how many houses?

Answer 12

475,000 houses in Britain.

Question 13

housing: what did the extensive bombing in Britain lead to?

Answer 13

building of further council housing and also the creation of ‘new towns’, planned and built form scratch.

Question 14

housing: in the 1950’s and 1960’s what was cleared, how many and what happened to the inhabitants?

Answer 14

almost a million slum houses. inhabitants rehoused.

Question 15

housing: by 1960’s what did council housing include?

Answer 15

high-rise block of flats.

Question 16

housing: by the 1980’s how many tower blocks had been built almost all homes had what?

Answer 16

4,500.
heating, water and sanitation.

Question 17

housing: by 1980 what percentage of the population lived in council housing?

Answer 17

42%.

Question 18

housing: what did conservative PM Margret Thatcher thought?

Answer 18

too many people were dependant on the government.

Question 19

housing: what did Margaret Thatcher introduce and when, what did it include and what went wrong?

Answer 19

1980 housing act to give council tenants the right to buy their houses which lead to a shortage of council houses for poorer people in need off them.

Question 20

housing: between 1979-2017 the number of council houses reduced from what to what?

Answer 20

6.5 million to 2 million.

Question 21

housing: with local councils unable to replace all of the housing that was sold off who filled the gap?

Answer 21

private landlords.

Question 22

housing: reports since 2000 has shown what?

Answer 22

only half of private rented accommodation meets the required standard with issues like damp, mould and poor heating.

Question 23

food: what happened to supply?

Answer 23

improved.

Question 24

food: examples of where food making and storage has improved?
hints: grain, abroad/ chilled, canned, supermarket.

Answer 24

new methods of grinding grain improved quality of bread.
refrigeration more food brought in from abroad such as lamb from New Zealand.
cheaper and longer-lasting canned foods became widely available.
large supermarket chains opened up- opened everyday and food stocked more reliably than a market.

Question 25

food: during ww2 what happened to Britain’s food supply and what was introduced?

Answer 25

disrupted.
rationing.

Question 26

food: what did rationing restrict and what is an example of something that wasn’t readily available?

Answer 26

access to food.
imported fruit and sweets weren’t readily available during this period.

Question 27

food: what did rationing do to people’s diets and why?

Answer 27

improved.
encouraged to keep animals and grow their own food.
items like sugar and butter were in short supply.

Question 28

food: whilst rationing was in place what were people diets classed as?

Answer 28

balanced and healthy.

Question 29

food: as the nation became wealthier on the whole what form of food preservation could more people afford and what did this mean?

Answer 29

fridges and freezers.
people to keep food fresher for longer.

Question 30

food: what did the invention of the microwave and the increasing amount of working parents lead to?

Answer 30

more families and individuals having ready-made meals or convenience foods.

Question 31

food: what was bad about ready-made meals and why?

Answer 31

not as healthy as fresh food- have additives so that they last longer.

Question 32

food: what did people’s diets include?

Answer 32

more calories, sugar and saturated fats.

Question 33

food: in 2013 how many British people were classified as obese?

Answer 33

one quarter.

Question 34

food: what does obesity cause?

Answer 34

serious health problems.
diabetes and heart disease.

Question 35

air quality: burning of what was a huge problem in mid 20th century Britain?

Answer 35

coal.

Question 36

air quality: what did most people use/burn coal for?

Answer 36

fuels for their fires to heat their homes.

Question 37

air quality: what other bigger places relied on coal?

Answer 37

factories and power stations.

Question 38

air quality: which cities air was polluted?

Answer 38

Glasgow, London, Manchester.

Question 39

air quality: what could the weather do sometimes and what did it cause?

Answer 39

trapped smoke under fog and it would settle at a low level( smog) caused respiratory disease such as bronchitis, pneumonia and asthma.

Question 40

air quality: when did smog settle across London, for how long and what it become know as?

Answer 40

December 1952.
great smog.

Question 41

air quality :what did the great smog lead to?

Answer 41

around 12,000 deaths in the city.

Question 42

air quality: following the great smog what did the government pass in what year to help combat it?

Answer 42

1956.
Clean Air Act.

Question 43

air quality: what did the Clean Air Act create?

Answer 43

smokeless zones where factories and homes were only allowed to burn smokeless fuels.

Question 44

air quality: what did the Clean Air Act and the new oil, gas and electric heating systems mean?

Answer 44

smog was far less a problem by the 1980’s.

Question 45

air quality: what was coal pollution quickly replaced by?

Answer 45

pollution from cars.

Question 46

air quality: how did the percentage of car ownership change between what dates and what it lead to?

Answer 46

increased form 25% between 1980 and 1990.
more health problems caused by exhaust fumes.

Question 47

inactivity: when did dropping levels of inactivity become an issue and why?

Answer 47

quite early in the century as much of Britain’s population became wealthier.

Question 48

inactivity: by around 1930 this had lead to people being less healthy because of what?
hints: travel, food, machines.

Answer 48

more people travelled by train, tram and car rather than on foot.
spent money on sugary and fatty foods.
labour-saving devices for the home became more affordable eg: washing machine and vacuum cleaners.

Question 49

inactivity: during ww2 nation became more active again as people what?
hints: rationing, work.

Answer 49

worked long hours.
food rationed- worked int heir gardens/ allotments growing vegetables.
petrol was also rationed- people walked more.

Question 50

inactivity: new technology has continued what?

Answer 50

affect people’s levels of activity.

Question 51

inactivity: what devices do people use?

Answer 51

televisions, game consoles, tablets for entertainment.

Question 52

inactivity: what are some people’s lifestyles compared to others?

Answer 52

more sedentary.

Question 53

inactivity: what is housework now?

Answer 53

less physical and demanding.

Question 54

inactivity: what do more jobs look like?

Answer 54

sitting at a desk in front of screens.

Question 55

inactivity: what do less jobs look like?

Answer 55

manual labour.

Question 56

inactivity: what date did the NHS report that what percentage of women and men were overweight or obese?

Answer 56

2020.
67%- men.
60%- women.