The making of America: causes of the civil war.

Question 1

1850: what was the north’s economy based on and how could you describe their business system?

Answer 1

a modern capitalist business system where anybody could set up a businesses and make profits if they worked hard.
mixed economy: farming, small businesses and factories.

Question 2

1850: how did the north make money?

Answer 2

through work of paid employees for example processing cotton.

Question 3

1850: what was the norths economical view on slaves?

Answer 3

it was unfair competition for business and factory owners because enslaved people didn’t have to be paid.

Question 4

1850: how could the south’s system be described?

Answer 4

semi-modern plantation system dominated by a few powerful slave holders.

Question 5

1850: what was the south’s economy based on?

Answer 5

mostly agriculture dominated by large plantations, little industry.

Question 6

1850: how did the south make money?

Answer 6

through the work of enslaved labour especially in growing cotton.

Question 7

1850: what was the south’s belief on slavery and what did they believe about modern factories?

Answer 7

natural and that modern factories and capitalist business made white workers into wage slaves.

Question 8

why was slavery the economic glue that held the USA together?

Answer 8

both the north and the south benefited economically from slavery. for example the north used the cotton processed by slaves and also gave loans out to those int he south to start plantations or buy slaves with and the south used slaves to process the cotton which they sold and using them for agricultural labour. this meant that they both relied on each other to stay finically stable.

Question 9

factors caused the CW: slavery: why did the north try to end slavery?

Answer 9

believed it was against the constitution.

Question 10

what dates did the civil war last between?

Answer 10

1850-60.

Question 11

factors caused the CW: slavery: in 1831 who founded the newspaper, what was it called and what did it spread?

Answer 11

william Lloyd garrison.
liberator.
spread abolitionist views.

Question 12

factors caused the CW: slavery: what did garrison and what other person formed, what was it called, how many people were involved and what did they do?

Answer 12

Arthur Tappan. national anti-slavery society.
by 1838 managed to grow members to 250,000 and numbers were still rising.
produced masses of essays and pamphlet and frequently petitioned congress to end slavery.

Question 13

factors caused the CW: slavery: who was fredrick douglass and what did he do?

Answer 13

escaped slave. gave lectures and wrote articles about enslaved people in the south’s nature of life.

Question 14

factors caused the CW: slavery: what did harriet tubman do?

Answer 14

assisted thousands of slaves to escape their masters and smuggle them in series of short stages called the underground rail road.

Question 15

factors caused the CW: slavery: in 1840 what happened to liberals and christian groups and what did douglass do?

Answer 15

grew in support.
toured america and euroupe to raise awareness.

Question 16

factors caused the CW: slavery: what did harriet beecher-stowe do and what did it explain?

Answer 16

published uncle tom’s cabin. novel explained horreur of slavery to a white audience. sold 2 million copies in 10 years.

Question 17

factors caused the CW: westward expansion: how did the south generate huge amounts of income?

Answer 17

cotton exports.

Question 18

factors caused the CW: westward expansion: what were slave holders feeling in the 1840’s and why?

Answer 18

worried that they were loosing influence. population in the north was growing rapidly. representation in congress determined by state size and south was loosing political power.

Question 19

factors caused the CW: westward expansion: in 1846 what did congress ban?

Answer 19

slavery in new territories.

Question 20

factors caused the CW: westward expansion: what was the henry clay compromise?

Answer 20

california enter union as a free state.
sale of enslaved people in the nations capital washington DC banned.
territories eg: new mexico and utah gained from mexico be allowed to decide if they want slaves.

Question 21

factors caused the CW: westward expansion: what was the fugitive slave act?

Answer 21

made it egal duty to return people who had escaped slavery to their captors.

Question 22

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what act was passed following clays success, by who, according to what, what didn’t allow what and when?

Answer 22

1848. pro-slavery members of congress passed the kansas-nebraska act.
      according to the Mississippi compromise of 1820 these 2 territories didn’t permit slavery.

Question 23

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what did the kansas-nebraska act do?

Answer 23

overturned mississippi compromise and allowed the territories to decide if they wanted slaves by a popular vote.

Question 24

factors caused the CW: political decisions: within a few weeks of the kansas-nebraska act being passed what were abolitionists and slave holders trying to do?

Answer 24

abolitionist encouraging anti-slavery settlers to move into territories while slave holders sent in people who wanted slavery to spread.

Question 25

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what was an example of violence between the abolitionists and southern slave holders and when?

Answer 25

1856.
in washington after arguing about the spread of slavery and southern senators beat a northern senator unconscious on the floor of the senate.

Question 26

factors caused the CW: political decisions: why did the south rely on slave holders in congress?

Answer 26

they supported agricultural especially cotton plantations and dislike modern factory industries.

Question 27

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what did the south believe in in terms of national and state governments?

Answer 27

strong state government and weaker national government.

Question 28

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what party did many northern voters especially famers support, when but why did they change?

Answer 28

democrats.
early 1850’s.
many drifted away after 1854 party seemed to eager to satisfy wishes of the southern slave holders.

Question 29

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what was the republican response to the passing of the kansas-nebraska act and when?

Answer 29

1854. all believed that slave holders in the south too powerful. favoured modern capitalist business and smaller scale farmers who wanted to own their own piece of land in west. got support from abolitionists. support cam almost entirely from north.

Question 30

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what did democrat james Buchanan achieve and when?

Answer 30

president.
november 1856.

Question 31

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what did president james buchanan openly support?

Answer 31

those in kansas who wanted to spread slavery north of the missouri compromise line.

Question 32

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what did president james buchanan publicly support?

Answer 32

controversial pro-slavery supreme court ruling known as dred scott decision.

Question 33

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what was the dred scott decision?

Answer 33

congress had no right to ban slavery in territories because the constitution gave every american the right to own property.

Question 34

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what did president james buchanan supporting the dred scott decision cause feelings of and why?

Answer 34

upset. felt like he was encouraging slave holders to bring enslaved people to territories.

Question 35

factors caused the CW: political decisions: during the 1860 campaign what image did Lincoln develop for himself?

Answer 35

honest abe- a man of the people.

Question 36

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what was Lincoln set up as?

Answer 36

champion of hardworking americans and opponent of wealthy slave holders.

Question 37

factors caused the CW: political decisions: when was the next presidential election and who voted for who?

Answer 37

1860.
farmers and others.
republican candidate Abraham Lincoln.

Question 38

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what did lincoln promised?

Answer 38

give free land to white settlers and prevent expansion of slavery.
promised new transcontinental railroad that would run through north rather than south states.

Question 39

factors caused the CW: political decisions: what did lincoln insist when he won the election by a solid victory?

Answer 39

union couldn’t continue to be divided over slavery saying ‘it will become all one thing or the other.’